Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood (d. 1965)

Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood, born Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary on 25 April 1897, was a significant figure in the British Royal Family during the 20th century, living until 28 March 1965. As the only daughter of King George V and Queen Mary, she held a unique position within the House of Windsor, being both the sister to two future kings, Edward VIII and George VI, and the beloved aunt of the late Queen Elizabeth II.

A Princess Born into a Royal Epoch

Born at York Cottage on the Sandringham Estate, Princess Mary's early life unfolded during a pivotal era for the British monarchy. Her father, then Prince George, Duke of York, would later ascend the throne as King George V, while her mother, Queen Mary, was a figure of steadfast duty. Growing up amidst her five brothers, including the future Edward VIII and George VI, Mary's royal upbringing instilled in her a strong sense of public service and responsibility, a hallmark that would define her life's work.

Service and Support During the First World War

As the shadows of the First World War stretched across Europe, Princess Mary, still a young woman, committed herself wholeheartedly to humanitarian efforts. She famously initiated "Princess Mary's Christmas Gift Box," a brass tin filled with various comforts such as tobacco, cigarettes, and a Christmas card, which was distributed to every soldier, sailor, and nurse serving at Christmas 1914. This heartfelt gesture provided immense morale to those on the front lines and demonstrated her early dedication to the welfare of servicemen and their families. Beyond this, she engaged in extensive charity work, supporting hospitals, nursing organisations, and initiatives aimed at aiding those affected by the conflict, solidifying her reputation as a compassionate and active royal.

A Royal Union: Marriage to Viscount Lascelles

On 28 February 1922, Princess Mary embarked on a new chapter of her life, marrying Henry Lascelles, Viscount Lascelles, who would later become the 6th Earl of Harewood. The wedding, a grand affair held at Westminster Abbey, captivated the nation and marked one of the first major royal events following the war. The couple made their home primarily at Harewood House in Yorkshire, a magnificent stately home that became a hub for their family life and public duties. Together, they raised two sons: George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, and The Honourable Gerald Lascelles. Their marriage was seen as a successful blend of royal duty and personal happiness, contributing significantly to the social fabric of their era.

The Honour of Princess Royal

In a significant recognition of her standing and service, King George V bestowed upon his only daughter the ancient and honorary title of Princess Royal on 1 January 1932. This esteemed title, traditionally held by the eldest daughter of the reigning monarch, is conferred for life and signifies a unique position within the Royal Family, setting its holder apart with special distinction. Princess Mary was the sixth holder of this title, which further elevated her profile and the importance of her public engagements.

Leadership During the Second World War

With the outbreak of the Second World War, Princess Mary once again stepped forward to serve her country. In 1939, she was appointed Controller Commandant of the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS), the women's branch of the British Army. Her active involvement and leadership in this crucial role were instrumental in shaping the ATS into an effective and highly respected force. She visited ATS units across the country, inspecting their training, boosting morale, and ensuring their vital contributions to the war effort were recognised. Her patronage brought prestige to the ATS and encouraged countless women to join, taking on diverse roles from operating anti-aircraft guns to driving and administration, freeing up men for combat duty.

Later Life and Enduring Legacy

After the conclusion of the Second World War, Princess Mary continued her public duties, dedicating her time to various charities and organisations. She remained a beloved figure, known for her steadfast commitment to service and her quiet dignity. She passed away on 28 March 1965 at Harewood House, the home she cherished, leaving behind a legacy of dedicated royal service, particularly through two world wars. Her life exemplified the evolving role of the British Royal Family in the 20th century, blending traditional duty with active engagement in national life and welfare.

Frequently Asked Questions About Princess Mary

Who was Princess Mary, Princess Royal?
Princess Mary, born Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary, was the only daughter of King George V and Queen Mary. She was a prominent member of the British Royal Family, known for her extensive public service, particularly during both World Wars.
What was Princess Mary's connection to Queen Elizabeth II?
Princess Mary was the aunt of Queen Elizabeth II. Her brother, George VI, was Queen Elizabeth II's father.
What was Princess Mary's role during the First World War?
During the First World War, Princess Mary was deeply involved in charity work. Most notably, she initiated "Princess Mary's Christmas Gift Box" in 1914, providing gifts to servicemen and women. She also supported various hospitals and welfare initiatives.
When did Princess Mary receive the title of Princess Royal?
She was granted the honorary title of Princess Royal by her father, King George V, on 1 January 1932. This title is traditionally reserved for the eldest daughter of the monarch.
What was Princess Mary's role during the Second World War?
During the Second World War, Princess Mary served as the Controller Commandant of the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS), the women's branch of the British Army. Her leadership helped to establish the ATS as a vital part of the war effort and boosted the morale of its members.
Who did Princess Mary marry, and did she have children?
Princess Mary married Henry Lascelles, Viscount Lascelles (later the 6th Earl of Harewood), in 1922. They had two sons: George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, and The Honourable Gerald Lascelles.