Alexander Kielland, Norwegian author, playwright, and politician, 6th County Governor of Møre og Romsdal (b. 1849)

Alexander Lange Kielland, whose name is pronounced in Norwegian as [ɑɫɛˈksɑ̀ndər ˈlɑ̂ŋːə ˈçɛ̀lːɑn], was a distinguished figure in Norwegian literature, born on 18 February 1849 and passing away on 6 April 1906. He emerged as one of the most renowned realistic writers of the 19th century in Norway, a period rich with profound cultural and intellectual transformation. Kielland’s sharp observational skills and incisive wit positioned him as a keen social critic, often using his hometown of Stavanger as a backdrop for narratives that dissected the societal norms and injustices of his time. His works frequently tackled themes such as class distinctions, hypocrisy, and the struggle for individual freedom, making him a powerful voice for social commentary.

His literary contributions were so significant that he is celebrated as one of "The Four Greats" (De Fire Store) of Norwegian literature. This esteemed group collectively shaped the golden age of Norwegian literary realism and naturalism, contributing immensely to the nation's cultural identity and international recognition during the latter half of the 19th century. Kielland stands alongside three other colossal figures in this pantheon: Henrik Ibsen, celebrated for his groundbreaking dramas that explored psychological depth and moral dilemmas; Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, a versatile poet, novelist, and playwright who also penned Norway's national anthem and championed national causes; and Jonas Lie, often known for his insightful portrayals of the sea and the complexities of family life. Together, these authors explored universal human experiences through distinctly Norwegian lenses, tackling themes of morality, social reform, individual freedom, and the challenges of modernity, thereby leaving an indelible mark on European literature and securing Norway’s place on the literary map.

Frequently Asked Questions About Alexander Lange Kielland

Who was Alexander Lange Kielland?
Alexander Lange Kielland was a highly influential Norwegian author of the 19th century, known for his realistic literary style and his role as a prominent social critic. He is considered one of Norway's most important writers due to his sharp observations of society.
When did Alexander Lange Kielland live?
He lived from 18 February 1849 to 6 April 1906, a period that saw significant societal changes and the flourishing of Norwegian national literature.
What kind of writer was he?
Kielland was a realistic writer, employing sharp social commentary and a critical eye to depict the societal conditions and human behaviors of his era. His works often focused on issues of justice, hypocrisy, and class structures, providing a mirror to 19th-century Norwegian society.
What are "The Four Greats" of Norwegian literature?
"The Four Greats" (De Fire Store) refers to an exclusive group of four Norwegian literary giants from the 19th century who are collectively recognized for their immense contributions to shaping Norwegian literature and culture, particularly during the period of realism and naturalism.
Who are the other members of "The Four Greats"?
Besides Alexander Lange Kielland, "The Four Greats" include Henrik Ibsen, the world-renowned playwright; Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, a Nobel laureate and versatile writer who was a key figure in the national romantic movement; and Jonas Lie, known for his deep psychological insights and maritime stories.
Why is Alexander Lange Kielland considered so important?
Kielland's importance stems from his masterful realistic prose, his courageous social criticism, and his enduring place within "The Four Greats," which solidified Norway's literary standing on the global stage. His works continue to offer valuable insights into 19th-century Norwegian society and universal human themes of morality and justice.