March 9 in History

Historical Events on March 9

141 BC

Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.
1009

First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg.
1230

Bulgarian tsar Ivan Asen II defeats Theodore of Epirus in the Battle of Klokotnitsa.
1276

Augsburg becomes a Free imperial city.
1500

The fleet of Pedro Álvares Cabral leaves Lisbon for the Indies. The fleet will discover Brazil which lies within boundaries granted to Portugal in the Treaty of Tordesillas.
1566

David Rizzio, private secretary to Mary, Queen of Scots, is murdered in the Palace of Holyroodhouse, Edinburgh, Scotland.
1765

After a campaign by the writer Voltaire, judges in Paris posthumously exonerate Jean Calas of murdering his son. Calas had been tortured and executed in 1762 on the charge, though his son may have actually committed suicide.
1796

Napoléon Bonaparte marries his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais.
1811

Paraguayan forces defeat Manuel Belgrano at the Battle of Tacuarí.
1815

Francis Ronalds describes the first battery-operated clock in the Philosophical Magazine.
1831

The French Foreign Legion is established by King Louis Philippe to support his war in Algeria.
1841

The U.S. Supreme Court rules in the United States v. The Amistad case that captive Africans who had seized control of the ship carrying them had been taken into slavery illegally.
1842

Giuseppe Verdi's third opera, Nabucco, receives its première performance in Milan; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera composers.
1842

The first documented discovery of gold in California occurs at Rancho San Francisco, six years before the California Gold Rush.
1847

Mexican-American War: The first large-scale amphibious assault in U.S. history is launched in the Siege of Veracruz.
1862

American Civil War: The USS Monitor and CSS Virginia fight to a draw in the Battle of Hampton Roads, the first battle between two ironclad warships.
1896

Prime Minister Francesco Crispi resigns following the Italian defeat at the Battle of Adwa.
1908

Inter Milan was founded on Football Club Internazionale, following a schism from the Milan Cricket and Football Club.
1910

The Westmoreland County coal strike, involving 15,000 coal miners represented by the United Mine Workers, begins.
1916

Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa leads nearly 500 Mexican raiders in an attack against the border town of Columbus, New Mexico.
1925

Pink's War: The first Royal Air Force operation conducted independently of the British Army or Royal Navy begins.
1933

Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to Congress, the first of his New Deal policies.
1942

World War II: Dutch East Indies, represented by KNIL Commander in Chief Lieutenant General Hein Ter Poorten, unconditionally surrendered to the Japanese forces in Kalijati, Subang, West Java, and Japanese completed their Dutchmmjn East Indies campaign.
1944

World War II: Japanese troops counter-attack American forces on Hill 700 in Bougainville in a five-day battle.
1944

World War II: Soviet Army planes attack Tallinn, Estonia.
1945

World War II: The first nocturnal incendiary attack on Tokyo inflicts damage comparable to that inflicted on both Hiroshima and Nagasaki five months later.
1945

World War II: A coup d'état by Japanese forces in French Indochina removes the French from power.
1946

Bolton Wanderers stadium disaster at Burnden Park, Bolton, England, kills 33 and injures hundreds more.
1954

McCarthyism: CBS television broadcasts the See It Now episode, "A Report on Senator Joseph McCarthy", produced by Fred Friendly.
1956

Soviet forces suppress mass demonstrations in the Georgian SSR, reacting to Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization policy.
1957

The 8.6 Mw Andreanof Islands earthquake shakes the Aleutian Islands with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), causing $5 million in damage from ground movement and a destructive tsunami that affected Hawaii, where two people were killed in a plane crash while documenting its arrival.
1959

The Barbie doll makes its debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York.
1960

Dr. Belding Hibbard Scribner implants for the first time a shunt he invented into a patient, which allows the patient to receive hemodialysis on a regular basis.
1961

Sputnik 9 successfully launches, carrying a human dummy nicknamed Ivan Ivanovich, and demonstrating that Soviet Union was ready to begin human spaceflight.
1967

Trans World Airlines Flight 553, a Douglas DC-9-15, crashes in a field in Concord Township, Ohio following a mid-air collision with a Beechcraft Baron, killing 26.
1974

The Mars 7 Flyby bus releases the descent module too early, dus it missing mars.
1976

Forty-two people died in the 1976 Cavalese cable car disaster, the worst cable-car accident to date.
1977

The Hanafi Siege: In a thirty-nine-hour standoff, armed Hanafi Muslims seize three Washington, D.C., buildings, killing two and taking 149 hostage.
1978

President Soeharto inaugurated Jagorawi Toll Road, the first toll highway in Indonesia, connecting Jakarta, Bogor and Ciawi, West Java.
1982

"Krononauts" hosted an event in Baltimore, Maryland asking time-travelers to meet and demonstrate future science methods of Time travel.
1997

Comet Hale-Bopp: Observers in China, Mongolia and eastern Siberia are treated to a rare double feature as an eclipse permits Hale-Bopp to be seen during the day.
2011

Space Shuttle Discovery makes its final landing after 39 flights.
2012

At least 130 rockets are fired into Israel from Gaza; 12 Palestinians militants are killed as part of the latest escalation in violence in the region.

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