October 7 in History

Historical Events on October 7

3761 BC

The epoch reference date epoch (origin) of the modern Hebrew calendar (Proleptic Julian calendar).
1403

Battle of Modon: Genoese fleet under Jean Le Maingre (Marshal Boucicaut) is defeated by the Republic of Venice at Modon in the Peloponnese.
1406

French troops comprising 1,000 men at arms landed on Jersey and fought a battle against 3,000 defenders.
1477

Uppsala University is inaugurated after receiving its corporate rights from Pope Sixtus IV in February the same year.
1513

Battle of La Motta: Spanish troops under Ramón de Cardona defeat the Venetians.
1542

Explorer Cabrillo discovers Santa Catalina Island off of the California coast.
1571

The Battle of Lepanto is fought, and the Ottoman Navy suffers its first defeat.
1582

Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day is skipped in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1691

The English royal charter for the Province of Massachusetts Bay is issued.
1763

King George III of the United Kingdom issues the Royal Proclamation of 1763, closing aboriginal lands in North America north and west of the Alleghenies to white settlements.
1777

American Revolutionary War: The Americans defeat the British in the Second Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Bemis Heights.
1780

American Revolutionary War: Battle of Kings Mountain: American Patriot militia defeat Loyalist irregulars led by British major Patrick Ferguson in South Carolina.
1800

French corsair Robert Surcouf, commander of the 18-gun ship La Confiance, captures the British 38-gun Kent inspiring the traditional French song Le Trente-et-un du mois d'août.
1826

The Granite Railway begins operations as the first chartered railway in the U.S.
1828

Morea expedition: The city of Patras, Greece, is liberated by the French expeditionary force in the Peloponnese under General Maison.
1840

Willem II becomes King of the Netherlands.
1862

Royal Columbian Hospital (RCH) opens as the first hospital in the Colony of British Columbia
1864

American Civil War: Bahia incident: USS Wachusett illegally captures the CSS Florida Confederate raider while in port in Bahia, Brazil in violation of Brazilian neutrality.
1868

Cornell University holds opening day ceremonies; initial student enrollment is 412, the highest at any American university to that date.
1870

Franco-Prussian War: Siege of Paris: Léon Gambetta flees Paris in a hot-air balloon.
1879

Germany and Austria-Hungary sign the "Twofold Covenant" and create the Dual Alliance.
1912

The Helsinki Stock Exchange sees its first transaction.
1916

Georgia Tech defeats Cumberland University 222-0 in the most lopsided college football game in American history.
1918

The Regency Council of the Kingdom of Poland declares independence from the German Empire and forms the Republic of Poland.
1919

KLM, the flag carrier of the Netherlands, is founded. It is the oldest airline still operating under its original name.
1924

Andreas Michalakopoulos becomes Prime Minister of Greece for a short period of time.
1929

Photius II becomes Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
1933

Air France is inaugurated, after being formed by a merger of five French airlines.
1940

World War II: The McCollum memo proposes bringing the United States into the war in Europe by provoking the Japanese to attack the United States.
1942

World War II: The October Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins as United States Marine Corps forces attack Imperial Japanese Army units along the Matanikau River.
1944

World War II: During an uprising at Birkenau concentration camp, Jewish prisoners burn down Crematorium IV.
1949

The communist German Democratic Republic (East Germany) is formed.
1950

Mother Teresa establishes the Missionaries of Charity.
1958

President of Pakistan Iskander Mirza, with the support of General Ayub Khan and the army, suspends the 1956 constitution, imposes martial law, and cancels the elections scheduled for January 1959.
1958

The U.S. manned space-flight project is renamed Project Mercury.
1959

U.S.S.R. probe Luna 3 transmits the first ever photographs of the far side of the Moon.
1963

John F. Kennedy signs the ratification of the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.
1977

The adoption of the Fourth Soviet Constitution.
1985

The Mameyes landslide kills almost 200 people in Puerto Rico.
1987

Sikh nationalists declares the independence of Khalistan from India; it is not internationally recognized.
1988

An Iñupiat hunter discovers three gray whales trapped under the ice in Barrow, Alaska, US; the situation becomes a multinational effort to free the whales.
1991

Croatian War of Independence: Bombing of Banski dvori in Zagreb, Croatia.
1993

The flood of '93 ends at St. Louis, Missouri, 103 days after it began, as the Mississippi River falls below flood stage.
1996

Fox News Channel begins broadcasting.
1998

Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, is found tied to a fence after being savagely beaten by two young adults in Laramie, Wyoming.
2001

The Global War on Terrorism begins as a result of the September 11 attacks. The U.S. invasion of Afghanistan initiates with an air assault and covert operations on the ground.
2003

The governor of California, Gray Davis, is recalled in favor of Arnold Schwarzenegger.
2008

Asteroid 2008 TC3 impacts the Earth over Sudan, the first time an asteroid impact is detected prior to its entry into earth's atmosphere.
2016

In the wake of Hurricane Matthew, the death toll rises to 800.

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