Births on February 7

Arnold Nordmeyer, New Zealand minister and politician, 30th New Zealand Minister of Finance (d. 1989)

Sir Arnold Henry Nordmeyer (born Heinrich Arnold Nordmeyer on 7 February 1901, and passing away on 2 February 1989) was a profoundly influential New Zealand politician whose career spanned several significant decades of the 20th century. A key figure within the New Zealand Labour Party, he notably held the powerful portfolio of Minister of Finance and later ascended to the demanding roles of Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition, leaving an indelible mark on the nation's economic and political landscape.

Early Life and Political Beginnings

Born in Dunedin, New Zealand, Nordmeyer's formative years saw him train as a Presbyterian minister, a vocation that instilled in him a strong sense of social justice and public service. This background significantly shaped his political convictions. His entry into Parliament came in 1935 as the Member for Oamaru, where he quickly established himself as a keen debater and a thoughtful contributor to policy discussions, aligning with the rising Labour movement's focus on social welfare and economic reform.

Minister of Finance and the Era of the 'Black Budget' (1957–1960)

Sir Arnold Nordmeyer's tenure as Minister of Finance in the Second Labour Government, under Prime Minister Walter Nash, from 1957 to 1960, stands as one of the most memorable and controversial periods of his career. Taking office amidst a significant balance of payments crisis and falling commodity prices for New Zealand's primary exports, particularly wool and dairy, Nordmeyer was tasked with stabilising the national economy.

His response came on 26 June 1958, with the presentation of what famously became known as the 'Black Budget.' This austere budget introduced substantial increases in indirect taxes on widely consumed goods such as beer, tobacco, and petrol, alongside a tightening of credit and import restrictions. The measures, though designed to curb spending, reduce the balance of payments deficit, and protect New Zealand's overseas reserves, proved highly unpopular with the public. Despite the widespread public outcry and political fallout, economic historians often credit the 'Black Budget' with successfully addressing the immediate economic crisis, laying a foundation for future stability, even as it contributed to the Labour government's electoral defeat in 1960.

Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition (1963–1965)

Following the Labour Party's electoral defeat and Walter Nash's eventual retirement, Nordmeyer was elected Leader of the Labour Party and subsequently Leader of the Opposition in 1963. During his two-year leadership, he endeavoured to revitalise the party's image and policy platform in opposition. However, the shadow of the 'Black Budget' continued to affect his public perception, and he faced challenges in effectively countering the governing National Party. Despite his intellectual prowess and deep understanding of economic affairs, the party's performance in the 1963 general election did not yield a victory, and he was ultimately succeeded by Norman Kirk in 1965, who would later lead Labour back into government.

Legacy and Recognition

Beyond the 'Black Budget,' Nordmeyer was known for his integrity, his keen intellect, and his unwavering commitment to social democratic principles. His contributions to social welfare legislation and economic policy were foundational. In recognition of his extensive public service and significant political contributions to New Zealand, he was appointed Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (KCMG) in the 1970 New Year Honours, thereafter being known as Sir Arnold Nordmeyer.

Frequently Asked Questions about Sir Arnold Nordmeyer

Who was Sir Arnold Henry Nordmeyer?

Sir Arnold Henry Nordmeyer was a prominent New Zealand politician who served as Minister of Finance from 1957 to 1960 and later as Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition from 1963 to 1965. He is perhaps best known for introducing the austere 'Black Budget' in 1958.

What was the 'Black Budget' and why was it introduced?

The 'Black Budget' was a set of severe fiscal measures introduced by Nordmeyer as Minister of Finance in 1958. It significantly increased taxes on items like beer, tobacco, and petrol. Its primary purpose was to address a severe balance of payments crisis and protect New Zealand's dwindling overseas reserves, which were under pressure due to falling commodity prices.

When did Sir Arnold Nordmeyer lead the Labour Party?

Sir Arnold Nordmeyer served as the Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition from 1963 to 1965, following the retirement of Walter Nash.

What was Sir Arnold Nordmeyer's background before politics?

Before entering politics, Sir Arnold Nordmeyer trained and worked as a Presbyterian minister, which influenced his strong commitment to social justice.