Deaths on January 14

Athanasios Kanakaris, Greek politician (b. 1760)

Athanasios Kanakaris: A Pivotal Figure in the Greek War of Independence

Athanasios Kanakaris (Greek: Αθανάσιος Κανακάρης; born 1760 in Patras – died January 14, 1823, in Ermioni) was a towering figure in Greek politics and a dedicated combatant in the Greek War of Independence against the formidable Ottoman Empire. His life's work was deeply intertwined with the struggle for Greek liberation, culminating in his significant contributions to the establishment of the nascent Greek state.

Early Life and Influential Family Roots in Patras

Born in Patras in 1760, Athanasios Kanakaris emerged from a lineage of considerable influence within the region. His paternal ancestry traced back to Benizelos Roufos (the elder), a scion of a prosperous family of Sicilian descent that had established itself in Patras during the 17th century, approximately in the 1600s. This family's wealth and long-standing presence afforded them significant local power and recognition. On his maternal side, he was connected to Angeliki Kanakaris, a member of an esteemed Greek family originating from Livadeia, which had similarly settled in Patras around the 17th century. The intermarriage of these two prominent families underscored Kanakaris's deep roots within the local gentry, or "notables" (also known as *proestoi* or *kodjabashis* in the Ottoman administration), who often wielded substantial economic and administrative influence under Ottoman rule.

Rise to Prominence and Revolutionary Engagement

Kanakaris's political career began in earnest in 1785 when he was elected as a headsman, or *proestos*, of Patras. In this crucial role, he served as a local representative and administrator, often acting as an intermediary between the Greek populace and the Ottoman authorities, including responsibilities for tax collection and maintaining local order. His acumen and influence quickly solidified his position as one of the most powerful Greek magnates in the Morea, the historical name for the Peloponnese peninsula, a vital region in the Greek struggle for independence. His political standing was further elevated when he served as the province's representative to the Sublime Porte, the central government of the Ottoman Empire in Constantinople. This direct engagement with the imperial capital provided him with invaluable insights into Ottoman policies and strengthened his network. It was during this period of high-level interaction that Kanakaris made a clandestine commitment to the cause of Greek freedom by becoming a member of the Filiki Eteria (Society of Friends). This secret revolutionary organization, founded in 1814, played a pivotal role in meticulously planning and initiating the Greek War of Independence, highlighting Kanakaris's early and courageous dedication to the liberation movement.

Leadership During the Greek War of Independence

Upon the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in 1821, Athanasios Kanakaris actively transitioned from a discreet conspirator to an open leader. His established influence and experience were instrumental in the early stages of the revolution. He served with distinction as a member of the Peloponnesian Senate, an important regional administrative and legislative body formed by the Greek revolutionaries, which laid some of the foundational frameworks for self-governance. His commitment continued with his participation in the First National Assembly at Epidaurus, which convened from December 1821 to January 1822. This landmark assembly was historically significant as it formally declared Greek independence, drafted the first provisional constitution (the "Provisional Regime of Greece"), and established the initial structure of the Greek provisional government. Beyond his legislative and administrative contributions, Kanakaris demonstrated his profound dedication to the Greek cause by contributing substantial sums from his personal fortune, underscoring the deep personal sacrifice many leaders made for the revolution's success.

Service in the Provisional Government and Legacy

Kanakaris's leadership continued to be vital during the formative years of the independent Greek state. From January 13, 1822, until his untimely death in 1823 due to illness, he held the crucial position of Deputy President of the Executive Corps. This body functioned as the executive branch of the Greek provisional government, responsible for implementing policies and managing the war effort. He served under Alexandros Mavrokordatos, a prominent political figure and intellectual of the revolution, forming a key part of the fledgling nation's leadership. Although his tenure in this high office was brief, it was a period of intense struggle and critical decision-making for the newly independent state. Athanasios Kanakaris's legacy extended beyond his individual contributions. He was married to Paraskevi Kostaki, and together they had two children: a son, also named Benizelos Roufos, and a daughter, Angeliki. His son, Benizelos Roufos, would follow in his father's footsteps, eventually serving as Prime Minister of Greece, further cementing the family's enduring influence in Greek political life. Other members of the Kanakaris-Roufos family continued to hold significant public offices, including mayors, members of parliament, and ministers, establishing a veritable political dynasty that significantly shaped modern Greek history for generations.

Frequently Asked Questions about Athanasios Kanakaris

Who was Athanasios Kanakaris?

Athanasios Kanakaris was a prominent Greek politician and a key figure in the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire, known for his leadership roles in the provisional government and his significant financial contributions to the revolutionary cause.

What was his role in the Greek War of Independence?

During the Greek War of Independence, Kanakaris served as a member of the Peloponnesian Senate and the First National Assembly at Epidaurus, contributing to the establishment of the provisional government. He also held the position of Deputy President of the Executive Corps and contributed from his personal wealth to support the revolution.

What was the Filiki Eteria and was Athanasios Kanakaris involved?

The Filiki Eteria, or Society of Friends, was a secret organization founded in 1814 with the aim of overthrowing Ottoman rule and establishing an independent Greek state. Athanasios Kanakaris was indeed a member, demonstrating his early and deep commitment to the revolutionary ideals.

Where was Athanasios Kanakaris born and where did he die?

He was born in Patras in 1760 and passed away in Ermioni on January 14, 1823, due to illness.

Did his family have a continuing political legacy in Greece?

Yes, his son, Benizelos Roufos, later served as Prime Minister of Greece, and other members of the Kanakaris-Roufos family continued to hold significant political positions as mayors, members of parliament, and ministers, establishing an important political dynasty.