André Cassagnes, French technician and toy maker, created the Etch A Sketch (b. 1926)

André Cassagnes (September 23, 1926 – January 16, 2013) was a remarkable French inventor, an astute electrical technician, a skilled toymaker, and an acclaimed kite designer whose ingenuity left an indelible mark on both the toy industry and the world of recreational flight. His diverse talents culminated in the creation of one of the most beloved and enduring mechanical drawing toys globally: the Etch A Sketch.

Originally known as "L'Ecran Magique," or "the Magic Screen," Cassagnes' iconic invention has captivated generations with its unique ability to create intricate designs using a simple two-knob mechanism. Since 2016, the manufacturing and distribution of this classic toy have been managed by Spin Master, following decades of successful production by the Ohio Art Company, solidifying its place as a timeless plaything.

The Serendipitous Genesis of a Global Toy

Born on September 23, 1926, just outside the vibrant city of Paris, France, André Cassagnes' early life was steeped in the traditional craft of baking. He spent his teenage years working diligently in his parents' bakery. However, a developing allergy to flour necessitated a significant career change, leading him to pivot towards electrical work. He found employment as an electrician for the Lincrusta Company, a French manufacturer specializing in decorative picture frame covers, notably utilizing a fine aluminum powder in their production process.

It was during a routine installation task at the Lincrusta factory that a pivotal moment of discovery occurred. Cassagnes was fitting a light switch plate, which was conventionally protected by a translucent decal covering. Upon removing the decal, he instinctively wrote on its surface with a pencil. To his astonishment, the pencil marks did not just stay on the decal; they transferred vividly to the opposite, inner face, leaving a distinct impression of the graphite. This seemingly minor incident sparked his inventive curiosity. He began to meticulously "tinker" with this observation, experimenting with how a stylus could displace a fine, dark powder (similar to the aluminum powder used by Lincrusta) from a translucent screen to reveal a contrasting light surface beneath. This ingenious line of inquiry led directly to the development of the world's first prototype of the Etch A Sketch, demonstrating his ability to transform a simple observation into a groundbreaking mechanical principle.

His nascent creation, "L'Ecran Magique," was first publicly unveiled in 1959 at the prestigious Nuremberg Toy Fair in Nuremberg, West Germany. This annual event is globally recognized as the leading international trade fair for toys and games, serving as a crucial platform for inventors to showcase their innovations to a worldwide audience. The toy's unique appeal quickly garnered attention, leading Cassagnes to form a vital partnership with the American manufacturer, the Ohio Art Company. This collaboration was instrumental in refining the Etch A Sketch into the familiar, red-framed form recognized by millions. The Ohio Art Company masterfully launched the Etch A Sketch in the United States during the crucial 1960 holiday season, transforming Cassagnes' "Magic Screen" into an instant classic and a staple in toy boxes across America.

Beyond the Drawing Board: A Multifaceted Inventor

While the Etch A Sketch remains his most celebrated invention, André Cassagnes was a man of exceptionally diverse creative talents. He was equally renowned in France as a highly respected kite designer and inventor, a passion that, though a primary occupation, he always considered a cherished hobby. Throughout the 1980s, he specialized in the intricate creation of original modular kites. These were not simple recreational kites but complex, often artistic, multi-part constructions that demonstrated advanced aerodynamic principles and design ingenuity. His expertise earned him significant recognition, with a 1992 article in the esteemed Kite Lines magazine describing him as "the most famous kitemaker in France," a testament to his profound influence in the aeromodelling community.

Cassagnes' inventive spirit extended to other mechanical games as well. Among his notable creations were:

Legacy of Innovation

André Cassagnes passed away on January 16, 2013, in a suburb of Paris, at the age of 86. His passing was officially reported by the Toy Industry Association (TIA), marking the end of a prolific life dedicated to invention and creativity. He is survived by his beloved wife, Renée, and their three children, who carry on the legacy of a man whose curiosity, ingenuity, and passion for making things work brought joy to countless people around the world.

Frequently Asked Questions About André Cassagnes and the Etch A Sketch

Who invented the Etch A Sketch?
The Etch A Sketch was invented by the French electrical technician, toymaker, and kite designer, André Cassagnes. He first unveiled it in 1959.
What was the original name of the Etch A Sketch?
André Cassagnes originally named his invention "L'Ecran Magique," which translates from French to "the Magic Screen."
How does an Etch A Sketch work?
The Etch A Sketch operates using a clever mechanical system. Turning the horizontal and vertical knobs moves a stylus inside the screen, which displaces aluminum powder adhered to the inner surface of the glass. This action reveals the dark screen underneath, creating a visible line. To "erase," the toy is shaken, allowing the powder to re-coat the screen.
When was the Etch A Sketch first released in the United States?
The Etch A Sketch was launched in the United States by the Ohio Art Company during the 1960 holiday season.
Who manufactures the Etch A Sketch today?
As of 2016, the manufacturing and distribution rights for the Etch A Sketch are held by Spin Master, a global children's entertainment company.
Was André Cassagnes known for anything else besides the Etch A Sketch?
Yes, André Cassagnes was also a highly respected and famous kite designer in France, known for his original modular kites. He also invented other mechanical games like the Teleguide and the SkeDoodle.