Jacques Plante, Canadian-Swiss ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 1986)

Joseph Jacques Omer Plante, born on January 17, 1929, and passing on February 27, 1986, was an iconic Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. Widely acknowledged as one of the most significant innovators in the sport's history, his remarkable career spanned nearly three decades, from 1947 to 1975, fundamentally transforming the role of the goaltender and influencing generations of players.

A Storied Career with the Montreal Canadiens

Plante's most celebrated tenure was with the Montreal Canadiens, where he played from 1953 to 1963. This period marked a golden era for the Canadiens, as the team clinched the coveted Stanley Cup six times during his presence, including an unprecedented five consecutive championships from 1956 to 1960. His exceptional goaltending was a cornerstone of this dynasty, showcasing not only his acrobatic saves but also his burgeoning strategic contributions to team play. In recognition of his immense impact on the game, Plante was rightfully named one of the "100 Greatest NHL Players" in history by the National Hockey League in 2017, an honor bestowed during the league's centennial celebration.

Beyond Montreal: Later Career and Continued Influence

Following his initial retirement in 1965, Jacques Plante's enduring talent and innovative spirit led him back to the National Hockey League. He was persuaded to join the expansion St. Louis Blues in 1968, where he continued to demonstrate his prowess and leadership, even at an advanced age for a professional athlete. His journey continued with trades to the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1970 and the Boston Bruins in 1973, where he played alongside future Hall of Famers.

Plante also ventured into the World Hockey Association (WHA), taking on the dual role of coach and general manager for the Quebec Nordiques during the 1973–74 season. He then returned to active play, concluding his illustrious professional career as a goaltender for the Edmonton Oilers in the 1974–75 season, leaving an indelible mark across multiple leagues and franchises.

Revolutionary Innovations in Goaltending

Jacques Plante is perhaps best known for his groundbreaking contributions that revolutionized the goaltending position. His innovations were not merely adjustments but fundamental shifts in how the game was played and perceived, particularly regarding player safety and strategic involvement.

The Goaltender Mask: A Paradigm Shift in Safety

Plante stands as the undisputed pioneer of goaltender safety, being the first National Hockey League goaltender to regularly wear a protective mask in regulation play. This pivotal moment occurred on November 1, 1959, during a game against the New York Rangers at Madison Square Garden. After being struck in the face by a shot from Andy Bathgate, suffering a severe laceration, Plante famously returned to the ice wearing the fiberglass mask he had been using in practice. Despite initial resistance from his coach, Toe Blake, Plante insisted on wearing it, stating he would not return to play without it. This bold decision irrevocably changed the landscape of hockey, setting a new standard for goaltender protection that is now universally adopted. He was also instrumental in the development and refinement of numerous mask versions, collaborating with various experts to enhance safety and visibility, including early designs that foreshadowed today's integrated mask/helmet combinations.

Puck-Handling and Strategic Play: The Roaming Goalie

Beyond the mask, Plante was a visionary in his tactical approach to goaltending. He was the first NHL goaltender to routinely venture outside his crease to play the puck, effectively acting as a third defenseman. This "roaming goalie" style allowed him to intercept pucks, break up opposing rushes, and initiate offensive plays, adding an entirely new dimension to team defense and puck possession. His keen understanding of the game also led him to frequently instruct his teammates from behind the play, directing defensive alignments and communicating strategic insights, further solidifying his role as a cerebral leader on the ice.

A Legacy of Accolades and Enduring Influence

Jacques Plante's profound impact on ice hockey is reflected in a multitude of honors and recognitions:

Jacques Plante's career was not just about wins and saves; it was about innovation, courage, and a relentless pursuit of excellence that forever altered the game of hockey. His contributions continue to resonate, making him a true legend of the sport.

Frequently Asked Questions About Jacques Plante

When was Jacques Plante born and when did he pass away?
Jacques Plante was born on January 17, 1929, and passed away on February 27, 1986.
For which NHL team did Jacques Plante win the most Stanley Cups?
Jacques Plante won six Stanley Cups with the Montreal Canadiens, including five consecutive championships from 1956 to 1960.
Why is Jacques Plante considered an innovator in ice hockey?
Plante is primarily considered an innovator for two reasons: he was the first NHL goaltender to regularly wear a mask in regulation play, and he pioneered the "roaming goalie" style, playing the puck outside his crease and directing his defensemen.
When did Jacques Plante first wear a mask in an NHL game?
Jacques Plante first wore a mask in an NHL game on November 1, 1959, after sustaining a facial injury during a game against the New York Rangers.
What jersey number did Jacques Plante wear, and was it retired?
Jacques Plante wore jersey number 1, which was retired by the Montreal Canadiens in 1995 to honor his contributions to the team.