Henry Lee III, American general and politician, 9th Governor of Virginia (d. 1818)

Henry Lee III (January 29, 1756 – March 25, 1818) was a distinguished figure in early American history, renowned for his significant contributions as both a military hero during the American Revolution and a prominent U.S. politician. His impactful career spanned critical moments in the nascent United States, solidifying his legacy as a devoted American Patriot.

Military Prowess: "Light-Horse Harry"

During the tumultuous American Revolution, Henry Lee III served with exceptional valor as a cavalry officer in the Continental Army. His strategic brilliance, daring tactics, and the swift effectiveness of his elite unit, known as "Lee's Legion," earned him the enduring nickname, "Light-Horse Harry." This moniker highlighted his formidable skill in rapid reconnaissance, surprise attacks, and successful engagements against British forces, such as the daring capture of Paulus Hook in 1779 and his instrumental role at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in 1781.

A Distinguished Political Career

Following his illustrious military service, Lee transitioned into a prominent political career, dedicating himself to the new nation's governance. He proudly served as the ninth Governor of Virginia from 1791 to 1794, a crucial period for the development of the Commonwealth. Later, he represented Virginia in the United States Congress from 1799 to 1801. During his congressional tenure, Lee delivered the iconic eulogy for George Washington, famously coining the immortal phrase, "First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen," a testament to his profound respect for the nation's first president.

Enduring Family Legacy

Henry Lee III is also widely recognized as the father of Robert E. Lee, who would later become a highly influential military commander. Robert E. Lee notably led the Confederate armies against the United States during the American Civil War (1861-1865), a conflict that fundamentally reshaped the nation. This familial connection links two pivotal figures across defining periods of American history.

Frequently Asked Questions about Henry Lee III

What was Henry Lee III primarily known for?
Henry Lee III was primarily known for his distinguished military service as a cavalry officer during the American Revolution, earning him the nickname "Light-Horse Harry." He was also a prominent U.S. politician, serving as the ninth Governor of Virginia and a U.S. Representative, and is remembered for delivering George Washington's eulogy.
How did Henry Lee III get the nickname "Light-Horse Harry"?
He earned the nickname "Light-Horse Harry" due to his exceptional speed, daring, and effectiveness as a cavalry officer in the Continental Army's "Lee's Legion" during the American Revolution. His tactical prowess in reconnaissance and swift maneuvers made his unit highly formidable.
What political offices did Henry Lee III hold?
Henry Lee III served as the ninth Governor of Virginia from 1791 to 1794 and as a Virginia Representative to the United States Congress from 1799 to 1801.
What was Henry Lee III's relationship to Robert E. Lee?
Henry Lee III was the father of Robert E. Lee, the renowned military commander who led the Confederate armies during the American Civil War.