Sivaya Subramuniyaswami, American guru and author, founded Iraivan Temple (d. 2001)
Sivaya Subramuniyaswami, revered by his global followers as Gurudeva, was a profound spiritual luminary whose life bridged Eastern spiritual traditions with Western experience. Born Robert Hansen on January 5, 1927, in Oakland, California, his journey was remarkable for his early adoption of Hinduism as a young man, a significant path less trodden by Westerners in the mid-20th century. His life's work profoundly impacted the global Hindu community, particularly through his efforts to make Hindu philosophy accessible and to foster a vibrant diaspora.
Gurudeva's spiritual quest led him to India and Sri Lanka in 1947, at the formative age of 20. This pivotal journey culminated in his initiation into sannyasa, the monastic order of renunciation, in 1949. His spiritual preceptor was the eminent Jnanaguru Yogaswami of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Yogaswami, a renowned siddha yogi and ardent worshiper of Lord Shiva, was widely regarded as one of the 20th century's most extraordinary mystics, and his tutelage firmly anchored Subramuniyaswami in the ancient Shaiva tradition.
As the 162nd head of the Nandinatha Sampradaya's Kailasa Parampara, an unbroken lineage tracing back thousands of years through illustrious Shaiva saints and siddhas, Gurudeva carried forward a rich spiritual heritage. He served as the Guru at Kauai's Hindu Monastery, an expansive 382-acre (155 ha) temple-monastery complex nestled on Hawaii's lush "Garden Isle." This serene sanctuary serves as a beacon of Shaiva Siddhanta philosophy and practice, drawing seekers and devotees from around the world.
Gurudeva's contributions to Hinduism were multifaceted and far-reaching:
- Establishment of Kauai's Hindu Monastery: In the 1970s, he founded this significant spiritual center in Hawaii, providing a dedicated space for monastic life, worship, and the dissemination of Hindu teachings.
- Founding of Hinduism Today: He launched this international magazine, which became an authoritative voice for Hinduism worldwide. Hinduism Today plays a crucial role in informing, educating, and connecting the global Hindu community, offering insights into religious practices, cultural nuances, and contemporary issues affecting Hindus.
- Creation of Pancha Ganapati: In 1985, Gurudeva introduced Pancha Ganapati, a five-day family-centric festival celebrated from December 21st to 25th. This holiday, honoring Lord Ganesha, was conceived as a vibrant Hindu alternative to existing December holidays like Christmas, focusing on spiritual values, family harmony, and gift-giving for children and adults within a Hindu context.
- Leadership of Saiva Siddhanta Church: He founded and led the Saiva Siddhanta Church, a non-profit religious organization dedicated to the preservation and promotion of Saiva Siddhanta, one of the oldest and most profound schools of Shaivism, emphasizing the worship of Lord Shiva as the supreme reality.
Gurudeva's influence extended globally, reflecting his deep commitment to serving the growing Hindu diaspora. His institutions formed a strong Jaffna-Tamil-based organization, branching out from his Sri Subramuniya Ashram in Alaveddy, Sri Lanka, to cater to the spiritual and cultural needs of Hindus settled worldwide. His global network included overseeing more than 50 independent temples across various continents, fostering spiritual growth and community cohesion.
Further testament to his expansive vision was the establishment of a seven-acre (2.8 ha) monastery in Mauritius, which notably features the public "Spiritual Park- Pointe de Lascars." This park provides a tranquil space for meditation, prayer, and cultural events, accessible to the wider public and embodying his inclusive approach to spiritual outreach.
His prolific literary output significantly amplified his reach. Subramuniyaswami authored approximately 30 books, including seminal works such as "Dancing with Siva," "Living with Siva," and "Merging with Siva." These comprehensive guides to Hindu philosophy, metaphysics, and practice have become indispensable resources for both new seekers and seasoned practitioners, serving as pillars of his teachings.
His impact was recognized by leading scholars and religious authorities. Klaus Klostermaier, a distinguished professor of religious studies, described Subramuniyaswami as "the single-most advocate of Hinduism outside India," underscoring his unparalleled efforts in propagating Hindu thought globally. The authoritative publication "Religious Leaders of America" further affirmed his stature, characterizing Subramuniyaswami's role as "a pillar of orthodox Hinduism," highlighting his unwavering adherence to and preservation of traditional Hindu tenets and practices.
Frequently Asked Questions About Sivaya Subramuniyaswami
- Who was Sivaya Subramuniyaswami?
- Sivaya Subramuniyaswami, known as Gurudeva, was a prominent American-born Hindu spiritual leader, author, and the 162nd head of the Nandinatha Sampradaya's Kailasa Parampara, a significant Shaiva spiritual lineage. He dedicated his life to teaching Hindu philosophy and establishing institutions to support the global Hindu community.
- What is Kauai's Hindu Monastery?
- Kauai's Hindu Monastery is a 382-acre (155 ha) temple and monastery complex on Hawaii's Garden Island, founded by Sivaya Subramuniyaswami. It serves as a spiritual center for monastic life, worship, and the dissemination of Shaiva Siddhanta teachings.
- What is Hinduism Today magazine?
- Hinduism Today is an international quarterly magazine founded by Sivaya Subramuniyaswami. It provides news, features, and insights on Hinduism worldwide, serving as a global voice for the faith and connecting Hindu communities across continents.
- What is Pancha Ganapati?
- Pancha Ganapati is a five-day Hindu festival, from December 21st to 25th, created by Sivaya Subramuniyaswami. It focuses on family harmony, spiritual values, and honoring Lord Ganesha, serving as a Hindu alternative to Western December holidays.
- What was his connection to Sri Lanka?
- Sivaya Subramuniyaswami was initiated into sannyasa in Sri Lanka by Jnanaguru Yogaswami of Jaffna, a revered siddha yogi. His lineage and many of his institutions have strong roots in the Jaffna-Tamil spiritual tradition of Sri Lanka, particularly through his Sri Subramuniya Ashram in Alaveddy.