Ibn Muqla, Iraqi calligrapher and court official (b. 885)
Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Muqla (Arabic: أبو علي محمد بن علي ابن مقلة, romanized: Abū ʿAlī Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Muqla; 885/6 – 20 July 940/1), commonly known as Ibn Muqla, was an official of the Abbasid Caliphate of Persian origin who rose to high state posts in the early 10th century. His career culminated in his own assumption of the vizierate at Baghdad thrice: in 928–930, 932–933 and 934–936. Unable to successfully challenge the growing power of regional emirs, he lost his position to the first amir al-umara, Ibn Ra'iq, and died in prison. He was also a noted calligrapher, inventing al-khatt al-mansūb (الخط المنسوب) and khatt ath-thuluth (خط الثلث).