First ever official cricket test match is played: Australia vs England at the MCG Stadium, in Melbourne, Australia.

The **1876–77 cricket tour** of Australia and New Zealand holds a unique place in sporting history, often heralded as the genesis of Test cricket. While initially perceived simply as another professional first-class tour to the colonies—a common occurrence back then—it was later retrospectively reclassified as the inaugural **Test cricket tour of Australia** by an **English cricket team**. This touring party, frequently referred to as **James Lillywhite's XI**, embarked on an extensive schedule, playing 23 matches across both nations, though only three of these, including the two momentous Tests, are officially recognized as first-class encounters.

The tour kicked off with its very first match at the picturesque Adelaide Oval on November 16, 1876, eventually concluding at the same iconic venue on April 14, 1877. During its run, the team played fifteen matches on Australian soil, interspersed with a significant leg of eight matches in New Zealand between January and March.

The Birth of Test Cricket: A Pivotal Series

Interestingly, the path to this historic series wasn't without its own drama. A rival tour, proposed by Fred Grace, ultimately fell through. This cancellation, however, proved to be a fortunate turn of events, as it cleared the way for many of the finest players from the Australian colonies to participate in two crucial matches against James Lillywhite's formidable side. One of the tour's most talked-about moments involved **Fred Spofforth**, widely regarded as Australia's premier fast bowler. In a controversial move, Spofforth withdrew from the first match, protesting the contentious omission of Billy Murdoch as wicket-keeper.

Despite the initial dispute, the two sides finally met in what would become landmark contests. Starting on March 15, 1877, they played two matches that were later officially designated as **Test matches**. The series itself concluded in a hard-fought draw, with both teams securing one victory apiece, cementing its place in the annals of cricket.

Legacy and Context: Beyond the Ashes

For those delving into the fascinating establishment of **Test cricket**, this 1876/7 tour serves as the foundational first Test tour. It's crucial to note, however, that while both matches have undeniably achieved **Test status**, this particular series is not considered a part of **The Ashes** tradition. The legendary rivalry known as The Ashes began several years later, in 1882, after a satirical obituary in a British newspaper marked the "death of English cricket" following a home loss to Australia.

Frequently Asked Questions About the 1876–77 Cricket Tour

What was the 1876–77 tour of Australia and New Zealand?
It was a professional cricket tour by an English team, led by James Lillywhite, that is retrospectively recognized as the **first Test cricket tour** in history, marking the beginning of international Test matches.
When and where did the tour take place?
The tour ran from November 16, 1876, to April 14, 1877, with matches played in both Australia and New Zealand. The first and last matches were at the Adelaide Oval.
How many matches were played, and how many were first-class?
In total, **James Lillywhite's XI** played 23 matches. However, only three, including the two designated Test matches, are officially recognized as first-class.
Who was Fred Spofforth, and what was his role?
Fred Spofforth was a highly acclaimed Australian fast bowler. He controversially withdrew from the first Test match in protest over the selection of Billy Murdoch as wicket-keeper.
What was the result of the first Test series?
The inaugural Test series, consisting of two matches, was drawn 1-1, with each team winning one match.
Is this tour considered part of The Ashes?
No, despite featuring the very first Test matches, this 1876–77 series is not considered part of **The Ashes** rivalry, which commenced in 1882.