Clemens Krauss, Austrian conductor and manager (d. 1954)

Clemens Heinrich Krauss, born on March 31, 1893, in the heart of Vienna, Austria, emerged as one of the most distinguished Austrian conductors and an influential opera impresario of the 20th century. His profound musicality and interpretive genius became particularly synonymous with the works of the great German and Austrian composers: Richard Strauss, Johann Strauss, and Richard Wagner, leaving an indelible mark on the operatic and concert stage until his passing on May 16, 1954.

A Heritage Steeped in Viennese Artistry

Krauss's origins were deeply intertwined with Vienna's rich cultural tapestry. His mother, Clementine Krauss, was a remarkably talented woman who, at just 15, was already gracing the stage as a dancer in the esteemed Vienna Imperial Opera Ballet. She would later achieve further acclaim as a leading actress and operetta singer, carrying on a family legacy that included her aunt, Gabrielle Krauss, a prominent operatic soprano of the 19th century. On his paternal side, Clemens Heinrich Krauss hailed from a lineage of considerable wealth and influence; his natural father was Chevalier Hector Baltazzi, a scion of a distinguished family of Phanariot bankers who had long been residents of Vienna. This illustrious connection extended further, as Baltazzi's elder sister, Helene, was married to Baron Albin Vetsera, making her the mother of the ill-fated Baroness Mary Vetsera. Consequently, this made Clemens Krauss a first cousin to Mary Vetsera, linking his family to one of the most talked-about aristocratic scandals of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

From Choir Boy to Conducting Prodigy

Gifted from an early age, Krauss's musical journey began within the hallowed halls of the Hofkapelle, where he lent his voice as a Vienna Choir Boy. This prestigious institution provided an unparalleled foundation for his burgeoning talent. His formal education continued at the venerable Vienna Conservatory, where he honed his skills under the tutelage of eminent figures like Hermann Graedener for composition and Richard Heuberger for theory. He successfully graduated in 1912, marking a pivotal moment in his career. Almost immediately, he secured a position as chorus master at the Brünn Theatre in Moravia, a role he held from 1912 to 1913. It was there, in 1913, that he made his momentous conducting debut, signaling the arrival of a significant new force in classical music. His career saw him conduct countless renowned artists, and it was during this time that he met the Romanian soprano Viorica Ursuleac, who frequently performed under his baton and later became his second wife, forging both a personal and professional partnership built on mutual artistic respect.

Frequently Asked Questions About Clemens Heinrich Krauss

Who was Clemens Heinrich Krauss?
Clemens Heinrich Krauss was a highly esteemed Austrian conductor and opera impresario (1893-1954), widely celebrated for his interpretations of works by Richard Strauss, Johann Strauss, and Richard Wagner.
What was his family background?
Born in Vienna, his mother was Clementine Krauss, a dancer, actress, and operetta singer from a renowned artistic family. His natural father was Chevalier Hector Baltazzi, from a wealthy family of Phanariot bankers in Vienna. Krauss was also a first cousin to Baroness Mary Vetsera.
Where did he receive his musical education?
He began his musical training as a Vienna Choir Boy in the Hofkapelle and later graduated from the Vienna Conservatory in 1912, where he studied composition with Hermann Graedener and theory with Richard Heuberger.
When did he make his conducting debut?
Clemens Heinrich Krauss made his conducting debut in 1913 at the Brünn Theatre in Moravia, following his appointment as chorus master there in 1912.
Who was his second wife?
His second wife was the prominent Romanian soprano Viorica Ursuleac, with whom he frequently collaborated professionally.