Hermann Raster, German-American journalist and politician (d. 1891)

About Hermann Raster: A German American Voice in 19th Century America

Hermann Raster (May 6, 1827 – July 24, 1891) was a remarkably influential German American figure whose multifaceted career significantly shaped the political and intellectual landscape of the late 19th century United States, particularly within the vibrant German immigrant community. During his lifetime, which spanned crucial periods of American expansion and social change, he distinguished himself as a dynamic chief editor, an unwavering abolitionist, a prolific letter writer, and an astute Republican political organizer.

The Editorial Helm of the Illinois Staats-Zeitung

Raster's most prominent professional legacy stems from his extensive tenure as chief editor and a part-owner of the Illinois Staats-Zeitung, a leading German-language newspaper, a role he held from 1867 until his return to Europe in 1890. For over two decades, under Raster's sharp editorial guidance, the Staats-Zeitung served as an indispensable informational and political hub for German Americans across the Midwest. It provided not only vital news and insightful commentary but also a powerful voice for Republican ideals, advocating for causes ranging from immigrant integration to national policy. His editorials, characterized by their sharp intellect and persuasive power, consistently reflected the strong abolitionist principles he had embraced much earlier in his career, cementing the paper's status as one of the most widely circulated and respected ethnic newspapers in the nation.

Political Influence and Public Service

Beyond the bustling newsroom, Hermann Raster was deeply engaged with the political currents of his era. His exceptional organizational skills, combined with the formidable platform provided by his newspaper, allowed him to function effectively as a Republican political boss, wielding considerable influence within the party's ranks, particularly among the crucial German-American voter base. His dedication to public service was recognized at the highest levels when President Ulysses S. Grant appointed him as the Collector of Internal Revenue for the 1st District of Illinois. However, this significant federal post was short-lived; Raster resigned shortly thereafter, suggesting a preference for the direct impact of journalism and political advocacy over administrative duties.

Later Life and Enduring Legacy

As the demands of his robust public life began to take their toll, Hermann Raster's health started to fail, prompting his return to Europe in 1890. He spent his final months in Berlin, Germany, where he continued to engage with public affairs by fulfilling a minor diplomatic role, a testament to his lifelong commitment to service and his enduring transatlantic connections. He passed away on July 24, 1891. Today, Raster's most valuable contribution to historical understanding is arguably his extensive and revealing correspondence. He maintained an active dialogue with many of the era's leading Western intellectual and political figures, including publishing magnate Joseph Pulitzer, prominent diplomat Elihu Washburne, and renowned educator Francis Wayland Parker. This rich collection of letters, offering invaluable firsthand insights into the political, social, and cultural currents of the late 19th century, is meticulously preserved at the Newberry Library in Chicago, providing scholars and historians a direct, personal window into his life, his thoughts, and the turbulent times he navigated.

Frequently Asked Questions about Hermann Raster

Who was Hermann Raster?
Hermann Raster (1827–1891) was an influential German American editor, abolitionist, Republican political organizer, and letter writer known for his significant role in American journalism and politics during the late 19th century.
What was the Illinois Staats-Zeitung?
The Illinois Staats-Zeitung was a leading and widely circulated German-language newspaper in the United States. Hermann Raster served as its chief editor and part-owner for over two decades, making it a powerful voice for German Americans and Republican politics.
What was Raster's stance on abolitionism?
Hermann Raster was a staunch abolitionist, actively opposing slavery. This conviction was a foundational aspect of his political ideology and informed his journalistic commentary and advocacy throughout his career, aligning him with the Republican Party's early principles.
What was his connection to President Ulysses S. Grant?
President Ulysses S. Grant appointed Hermann Raster as the Collector of Internal Revenue for the 1st District of Illinois. However, Raster resigned from this federal position a short time after his appointment.
Why is Hermann Raster primarily remembered today?
He is most notably remembered for his extensive and historically valuable correspondence with many prominent intellectual and political figures of his time, such as Joseph Pulitzer, Elihu Washburne, and Francis Wayland Parker. These letters offer rich insights into the period.
Where are Hermann Raster's historical letters preserved?
His significant collection of correspondence is meticulously preserved and made available to researchers at the Newberry Library in Chicago, Illinois.
What was his final public role before his death?
Before his passing in Berlin in 1891, Hermann Raster was serving in a minor diplomatic capacity, having returned to Europe due to declining health.