Bülent Ulusu, Turkish admiral and politician, 18th Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2015)

Saim Bülend Ulusu was a distinguished figure in modern Turkish history, primarily recognized for his pivotal, albeit temporary, leadership role following a tumultuous period. Born in 1923, his life spanned an era of significant transformation for Turkey, culminating in his service as Prime Minister during a critical juncture.

A Distinguished Naval Career

Before stepping onto the political stage, Ulusu dedicated a substantial portion of his life to a distinguished career within the Turkish Naval Forces. Rising through the ranks, he eventually achieved the prestigious rank of admiral, a testament to his commitment, strategic acumen, and leadership qualities within the military establishment. His naval background instilled in him a disciplined approach and a profound understanding of state affairs and security, qualities that would become crucial in his later public service.

The 1980 Military Coup and Ulusu's Appointment

The Republic of Turkey in the late 1970s was grappling with severe political instability, rampant economic problems, and escalating social unrest, marked by frequent clashes between left and right-wing factions. This turbulent environment culminated in the 1980 military coup d'état on September 12th, led by Chief of the General Staff General Kenan Evren. The military intervened with the stated aim of restoring order and preventing civil war, dissolving the existing civilian government and banning political parties. It was in this extraordinary and challenging context that Admiral Saim Bülend Ulusu was called upon to lead an interim government. Appointed Prime Minister on September 21, 1980, he was tasked with steering the nation through a period of direct military rule and preparing it for an eventual return to democratic governance. His selection, a non-political figure from the military, underscored the transitional and technocratic nature of the regime.

Premiership Under Military Oversight (1980-1983)

As Prime Minister, Saim Bülend Ulusu headed a technocratic cabinet, largely composed of professionals and non-political figures, operating under the ultimate authority of the National Security Council (MGK), formed by the coup leaders. His government's primary mandate was multi-faceted: to stabilize the country both economically and socially, to restore public order, and crucially, to oversee the drafting of a new constitution that would lay the groundwork for a more stable political future. During his tenure, significant economic reforms were initiated, aiming to liberalize the Turkish economy and address the pressing financial issues. Simultaneously, the government worked towards establishing the necessary legal and political framework for the restoration of multi-party democracy, a complex and sensitive process given the circumstances of its inception.

Transition to Civilian Rule and Later Life

Ulusu's premiership concluded in December 1983, a pivotal moment that marked the official return of Turkey to civilian rule. Following the approval of a new constitution in a referendum in 1982, general elections were held on November 6, 1983. With the newly elected civilian government taking office, Saim Bülend Ulusu honorably stepped down from his role as Prime Minister, having successfully completed his mission of overseeing the transition back to democratic processes. After his time in the highest political office, he largely retreated from public life, living a more private existence. Saim Bülend Ulusu passed away on December 23, 2015, at the age of 92, leaving behind a legacy as a disciplined leader who navigated Turkey through one of its most challenging periods of modern history, effectively bridging the gap between military intervention and the re-establishment of democratic institutions.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Who was Saim Bülend Ulusu?
Saim Bülend Ulusu was a distinguished Turkish admiral who served as the Prime Minister of Turkey following the 1980 military coup, leading an interim government from September 1980 until the return to civilian elections in December 1983.
What was his background before becoming Prime Minister?
Prior to his political appointment, Ulusu had a long and successful career in the Turkish Naval Forces, ultimately achieving the rank of admiral, which demonstrated his strong military leadership and discipline.
What was the context of his appointment as Prime Minister?
He was appointed Prime Minister in the wake of the 1980 military coup d'état, which aimed to address severe political instability, economic issues, and social unrest in Turkey. His role was to lead a transitional, technocratic government under military oversight.
How long did Saim Bülend Ulusu serve as Prime Minister?
He served as Prime Minister for approximately three years, from September 21, 1980, until December 13, 1983, when the newly elected civilian government took office.
What were the main responsibilities of his government?
His government was primarily tasked with stabilizing the country, initiating economic reforms, overseeing the drafting and approval of a new constitution, and preparing Turkey for a return to multi-party democracy and civilian rule.
When did Saim Bülend Ulusu pass away?
Saim Bülend Ulusu passed away on December 23, 2015, at the age of 92.