American Civil War: The Union's Army of the Tennessee and the Army of the Ohio defeat the Confederate Army of Mississippi near Shiloh, Tennessee.
H. H. Asquith of the Liberal Party takes office as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, succeeding Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman.
World War II: Italy invades Albania.
The Holocaust: In Terebovlia, Ukraine, Germans order 1,100 Jews to undress and march through the city to the nearby village of Plebanivka, where they are shot and buried in ditches.
Syria's independence from France is officially recognised.
The World Health Organization is established by the United Nations.
United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower gives his "domino theory" speech during a news conference.
Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom amid indications of failing health.
President Richard Nixon announces his decision to quicken the pace of Vietnamization.