Victor Gollancz, English publisher, founded Victor Gollancz Ltd (d. 1967)

Sir Victor Gollancz (1893–1967) was a profoundly influential British figure, widely celebrated both as a pioneering publisher and a dedicated humanitarian. His life's work was deeply intertwined with his progressive ideals, which he championed through various platforms, particularly his publishing house. Gollancz's unique blend of principles, rooted in Christian socialism and internationalism, shaped his impactful contributions to society, from fostering intellectual discourse to advocating for peace and human dignity on a global scale.

The Visionary Publisher and His Ideals

Throughout his career, Victor Gollancz emerged as a steadfast advocate for left-wing causes, navigating a complex intellectual journey that saw his loyalties shift between the tenets of liberalism and the more radical doctrines of communism. Ultimately, he firmly embraced and defined himself as a Christian socialist and a passionate internationalist, principles that guided his every endeavour. His publishing house became a powerful conduit for these beliefs, primarily dedicated to the promotion of pacifist and socialist non-fiction. This commitment was perhaps best exemplified by his groundbreaking initiative, the Left Book Club, launched in 1936. This ambitious venture provided affordable, high-quality books on socialist and anti-fascist themes to a vast membership, playing a crucial role in shaping public opinion and intellectual discourse during a tumultuous period in British history, especially in the years leading up to World War II.

A Champion for Post-War Reconciliation and Humanity

In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, a time of profound devastation and lingering animosity, Victor Gollancz shifted his unwavering focus to Germany. Driven by his profound internationalism and an ethic of brotherly love, he became a courageous and vocal proponent of friendship and reconciliation between nations, a stance that was particularly remarkable given the prevailing sentiments of the era. In 1945, he founded the organization Save Europe Now (SEN), a crucial initiative dedicated to campaigning for the humane treatment of German civilians. Gollancz passionately drew global attention to their immense suffering, highlighting the plight of children and the atrocities committed against German civilians in the chaotic post-war landscape, including mass expulsions and dire living conditions. His tireless advocacy extended beyond Germany, as he also campaigned actively for improved relations and friendship with Soviet Russia, embodying his universal belief in human solidarity and the urgent need for international understanding.

Enduring Legacy and International Acclaim

Victor Gollancz's extraordinary humanitarian efforts and his unwavering commitment to peace did not go unnoticed, particularly in Germany, the nation he had so passionately advocated for. He received numerous prestigious accolades, underscoring the profound impact of his work. In 1949, the University of Frankfurt bestowed upon him an honorary doctorate, followed by the distinguished Großes Bundesverdienstkreuz (Grand Cross of the Order of Merit) of Germany in 1953. His contributions to fostering understanding were further recognized in 1960 with the esteemed Peace Prize of the German Book Trade. His memory is kept alive through various public commemorations in Germany, including several streets named in his honour, such as the prominent Gollanczstraße in West Berlin. Furthermore, two educational institutions, the Victor Gollancz Elementary School and the Victor-Gollancz-Volkshochschule Steglitz-Zehlendorf, bear his name, reflecting his enduring influence on German society. His philosophy is perhaps best encapsulated in his own words: "I hate everything that is pro and anti (different peoples). I am only one thing: I am pro-humanity." This powerful statement continues to resonate today. Since the year 2000, his legacy has been further honoured by the Society for Threatened Peoples, which annually awards the Victor Gollancz Prize to individuals or organizations dedicated to protecting human rights.

Frequently Asked Questions About Sir Victor Gollancz

Who was Sir Victor Gollancz?

Sir Victor Gollancz (1893–1967) was a prominent British publisher and humanitarian. He was renowned for his left-wing political views, his self-identification as a Christian socialist and internationalist, and his tireless advocacy for peace, social justice, and human rights, particularly in post-World War II Europe.

What was the Left Book Club?

The Left Book Club was a highly influential initiative launched by Gollancz in 1936. It was a subscription-based club that provided affordable, high-quality books on socialist and anti-fascist themes to a large membership across Britain, playing a significant role in shaping political and intellectual discourse during the 1930s and 40s.

Why was he significant in post-war Germany?

After World War II, Gollancz became a passionate and courageous advocate for German civilians, founding Save Europe Now (SEN) in 1945. He campaigned vigorously for their humane treatment, highlighted their immense suffering—especially that of children—and promoted reconciliation and friendship between Britain and Germany. His efforts earned him significant honours and lasting recognition from the German state.

What was his core philosophy?

Gollancz defined himself as a Christian socialist and internationalist. His core philosophy emphasized universal human dignity and solidarity above national or ideological divides, best captured by his quote: "I hate everything that is pro and anti (different peoples). I am only one thing: I am pro-humanity."

What is the Victor Gollancz Prize?

Since 2000, the Society for Threatened Peoples has awarded the Victor Gollancz Prize annually. This prize recognizes individuals or organizations that have made outstanding contributions to the protection of human rights and the prevention of genocide, thus continuing Gollancz's profound humanitarian legacy in the modern era.