Ernest Hollings, American soldier and politician, 106th Governor of South Carolina

Ernest Frederick "Fritz" Hollings (January 1, 1922 – April 6, 2019) was a towering figure in American politics, renowned for his enduring service and distinct voice. A committed conservative Democrat, Hollings carved out a remarkable career spanning several decades, primarily representing South Carolina in various capacities. At the time of his passing, he held the distinction of being the oldest living former U.S. senator, a testament to his longevity and impact on the political landscape.

A Distinguished Political Career in South Carolina

Hollings's political journey was extensive and impactful. He served an impressive tenure as a United States Senator from South Carolina from 1966 to 2005, making him one of the longest-serving members in the history of the chamber. Before his time in the Senate, he held several key state-level positions, demonstrating a steady ascent through the ranks of South Carolina's government. These roles included the 106th Governor of South Carolina, the 77th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina, and a representative in the South Carolina House of Representatives. His deep roots in state politics provided a robust foundation for his later national service.

One of the most remarkable aspects of Senator Hollings's career was his 36-year partnership with fellow South Carolina Senator Strom Thurmond. Despite Thurmond's eventual party switch from Democrat to Republican, their joint tenure marked them as the longest-serving Senate duo in history. This unique partnership, representing diverse political perspectives from the same state, underscored Hollings's ability to navigate and endure in a rapidly changing political environment.

Early Life, Education, and Military Service

Born in Charleston, South Carolina, Hollings's early life laid the groundwork for his future in public service. He graduated from The Citadel, a prominent military college, in 1942, an experience that instilled discipline and leadership qualities. Following his undergraduate studies, he pursued a legal career, joining a law practice in Charleston after completing his education at the University of South Carolina School of Law, a reputable institution for legal training in the state.

His education was soon followed by a period of distinguished military service during World War II. Hollings served as an artillery officer, participating in demanding campaigns across North Africa and Europe. This wartime experience, common among politicians of his generation, significantly shaped his worldview and commitment to public duty.

Ascent Through State Government and First Senate Bid

Upon his return from military service, Hollings swiftly embarked on his political career, achieving successive electoral victories that propelled him through South Carolina's governmental hierarchy. He first won election to the South Carolina House of Representatives, laying the foundation for his legislative acumen. This was followed by successful campaigns for Lieutenant Governor and then Governor, a rapid rise that showcased his widespread popularity and political skill.

In 1962, Hollings made his first attempt to secure a seat in the U.S. Senate but was defeated by the incumbent, Olin D. Johnston, a long-serving and influential figure in South Carolina politics. This initial setback, however, proved temporary.

Entering the Senate and a Long, Influential Tenure

A pivotal opportunity arose for Hollings with the passing of Senator Johnston in 1965. The following year, Hollings successfully won a special election to serve the remainder of Johnston's term. This victory marked the beginning of his nearly four-decade-long career in the United States Senate.

Throughout his extensive tenure, Senator Hollings remained a popular figure in South Carolina, consistently winning re-election and solidifying his position as one of the longest-serving Senators in U.S. history. His influence grew with his seniority, allowing him to champion key legislative initiatives and shape national policy.

Among his most notable contributions, Hollings was a staunch advocate for fiscal responsibility, earning a reputation as a "budget hawk." He famously co-authored the landmark Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act of 1985, a bipartisan effort aimed at reducing the federal deficit through automatic spending cuts. Furthermore, he was a compassionate champion for the vulnerable, particularly children and the impoverished, having played a significant role in establishing federal programs to combat hunger in South Carolina during his governorship, which he later expanded nationally. His work also extended to critical areas like telecommunications policy and coastal environmental protection, where he often pushed for responsible governance and sustainable practices.

1984 Presidential Campaign and Retirement

In 1984, Senator Hollings briefly sought the Democratic nomination for president. His campaign focused on themes of fiscal conservatism and addressing the national debt. However, he faced strong competition and ultimately withdrew from the race after the New Hampshire primary, acknowledging the need to return to his Senate duties.

After a distinguished career spanning nearly 40 years in the Senate, Hollings made the decision not to seek re-election in 2004. His departure marked the end of an era for South Carolina politics, as he was succeeded by Republican Jim DeMint, reflecting the evolving political landscape of the state from its traditionally Democratic roots to a more Republican-leaning electorate.

Ernest "Fritz" Hollings's legacy is that of a dedicated public servant who left an indelible mark on both South Carolina and national politics, remembered for his sharp wit, independent spirit, and unwavering commitment to his constituents.

Frequently Asked Questions About Ernest "Fritz" Hollings

Who was Ernest "Fritz" Hollings?

Ernest Frederick "Fritz" Hollings was a prominent American politician and a conservative Democrat who served as a U.S. Senator for South Carolina from 1966 to 2005. He also held significant state offices, including Governor and Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina.

How long did Fritz Hollings serve as a U.S. Senator?

Fritz Hollings served as a U.S. Senator for South Carolina for nearly 39 years, from 1966 until his retirement in 2005.

What was unique about Senator Hollings's tenure with Strom Thurmond?

Senator Hollings served alongside Senator Strom Thurmond for 36 years, forming the longest-serving Senate duo in U.S. history. This was notable given Thurmond's party switch from Democrat to Republican during their shared tenure.

Was Fritz Hollings considered a conservative Democrat?

Yes, Ernest "Fritz" Hollings was consistently identified as a conservative Democrat, particularly known for his strong stance on fiscal responsibility and his pragmatic approach to governance, even as the Democratic Party evolved.

Did Fritz Hollings run for President?

Yes, Senator Hollings briefly sought the Democratic nomination for president in the 1984 election, campaigning on issues of fiscal prudence, but he withdrew from the race after the New Hampshire primary.

What were some of Senator Hollings's key legislative contributions?

Senator Hollings was a key figure in significant legislation, including co-authoring the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act to reduce federal deficits. He was also a passionate advocate for anti-hunger programs, welfare reform, and played a crucial role in telecommunications and coastal conservation policies.