T. S. Sinnathuray, Judge of the High Court of Singapore (b. 1930)

Thirugnana Sampanthar Sinnathuray (22 September 1930 – 18 January 2016), professionally known as T. S. Sinnathuray and affectionately as Sam Sinnathuray to his friends, was a highly respected and distinguished Judge of the High Court of Singapore. His illustrious legal career spanned several decades, marked by significant contributions to Singapore's judiciary and legal landscape.

Early Life, Education, and Foundations of a Legal Career

Born on 22 September 1930, T. S. Sinnathuray embarked on his legal journey with a robust academic foundation. He received his education at the prestigious University College London, a constituent college of the federal University of London, known for its rigorous legal programmes. Following his studies, he was called to the Bar at Lincoln's Inn, one of the four Inns of Court in London, which play a crucial role in qualifying barristers in England and Wales. This foundational training in the English legal system was pivotal for his career in the Commonwealth legal tradition of Singapore.

After a formative period practising law in a private firm for a few years, Sinnathuray transitioned into public service, commencing a remarkable career with the Singapore Legal Service. This service is a cornerstone of Singapore's legal framework, encompassing various roles from public prosecution to judicial appointments. His early career progression showcased his versatility and commitment to public service:

• Attorney-General's Chambers:

  • Crown Counsel and Deputy Public Prosecutor (1960–1963)

  • Senior State Counsel (1966–1967)

  In these roles, he was instrumental in prosecuting criminal cases and advising the government on legal matters, laying the groundwork for his judicial acumen.

• Subordinate Courts:

  • Magistrate (1956–1959)

  • First District Judge (1967–1970)

  • Senior District Judge (1971–1978)

  His tenure in the Subordinate Courts provided him with extensive experience in presiding over a wide range of cases, from criminal trials to civil disputes, and managing judicial administration, a crucial step before his elevation to the higher courts.

• Supreme Court Registry:

  • Deputy Registrar and Sheriff (1959–1960)

  • Registrar (1963–1966)

  As Registrar, he was responsible for the administrative and procedural oversight of the Supreme Court, ensuring the efficient functioning of the judicial system.

Elevation to the High Court Bench and Enduring Legacy

In recognition of his profound legal expertise, unwavering integrity, and extensive judicial experience, T. S. Sinnathuray was elevated to the esteemed office of Judge of the High Court of Singapore in 1978. He served with distinction on the High Court bench for nearly two decades, retiring in 1997. During his tenure, he presided over numerous complex and high-profile cases, leaving an indelible mark on Singapore's jurisprudence.

Notable Cases and Contributions

Justice Sinnathuray's judicial career was marked by his involvement in several landmark cases that captured national attention and had significant legal and social implications. His rulings often demonstrated a deep understanding of law and a commitment to justice, even in the face of intense public scrutiny.

High-Profile Trials

The Toa Payoh Ritual Murders Trial (1983)

This horrifying case involved the ritualistic killings of two children, which deeply shocked and gripped the nation. Justice Sinnathuray presided over the trial of the perpetrators, a case that highlighted the darkest aspects of human behaviour and the rigorous application of Singapore's criminal law. The case remains a significant, albeit grim, part of Singapore's criminal justice history.

The Asian Wall Street Journal Legal Challenge (1988)

This was a pivotal legal battle where the Asian Wall Street Journal challenged the Singapore Government's decision to restrict its circulation. The case raised fundamental questions about freedom of the press, government regulation of foreign media, and the delicate balance between media expression and domestic political stability. Justice Sinnathuray's handling of this sensitive matter underscored the judiciary's role in interpreting laws concerning media operations in Singapore.

The Trial of Serial Murderer John Martin Scripps (1995)

Justice Sinnathuray presided over the trial of John Martin Scripps, a British serial killer who murdered tourists in Singapore and Thailand. Scripps was the first Westerner to be sentenced to death and subsequently executed in Singapore under its mandatory death penalty for murder. This high-profile case reiterated Singapore's uncompromising stance on serious crimes and its strict adherence to the rule of law.

Commission of Inquiry and International Involvement

Beyond his courtroom duties, Justice Sinnathuray's reputation for impartiality and legal acumen led to other crucial appointments:

• Commission of Inquiry into Allegations by J. B. Jeyaretnam (1986):

  He chaired a significant commission of inquiry that investigated allegations made by opposition politician J. B. Jeyaretnam, who claimed that the Government had interfered with the subordinate judiciary. The commission, under Justice Sinnathuray's leadership, meticulously examined the claims and ultimately found them to be unfounded, reaffirming the integrity and independence of Singapore's judiciary at a critical juncture in its political history.

• Royal Tribunal in Malaysia (1988):

  In a testament to his international standing and respect within the Commonwealth legal fraternity, Sinnathuray was invited to be one of two foreign members of the Royal Tribunal in Malaysia. This panel of six judges was convened by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) of Malaysia to investigate alleged misdemeanours of Tun Salleh Abas, Malaysia's then Lord President of the Supreme Court. His involvement in this highly sensitive and politically charged judicial crisis in a neighbouring country underscored his perceived impartiality and the trust placed in his judicial judgment.

Post-Judicial Endeavors and Public Service Recognition

Upon his retirement from the High Court bench in 1997, T. S. Sinnathuray continued to engage in public service and pursue personal interests, demonstrating a life rich in diverse contributions.

Breaking Barriers in Social Institutions

An early example of his trailblazing spirit was his role as the President of the Singapore Cricket Club from 1976 to 1978. Notably, he was the first non-European to hold this prestigious position at the club, which historically had strong colonial associations. This achievement symbolized a significant step forward in Singapore's post-independence journey, reflecting the integration and leadership of local talent in institutions that were once exclusive.

Passion for Numismatics

After his judicial retirement, Justice Sinnathuray actively pursued his keen interest in numismatics, the study or collection of currency, including coins, tokens, and paper money. He became the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Mavin International Pte. Ltd., a prominent auction company in Southeast Asia that specialises in rare coins and banknotes. His leadership helped elevate Mavin International's standing in the vibrant numismatic community.

Distinguished Awards and Recognitions

For his extensive and meritorious service to Singapore, T. S. Sinnathuray received significant national accolades:

• Bintang Bakti Masyarakat (B.B.M.; Public Service Star) (1997):

  He was conferred this prestigious award at the National Day Awards in 1997. The Public Service Star is a high honour awarded in Singapore for distinguished service to the nation or for outstanding abilities, making significant contributions to Singapore's progress and welfare.

• Lintang (Bar) on his B.B.M. (2009):

  In 2009, he received an additional Lintang (Bar) on his B.B.M., signifying further distinguished service. This rare honour was bestowed upon him for his dedicated membership of the Singapore Note and Coin Advisory Committee. This committee, under the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), plays a vital role in advising on the design, issue, and preservation of Singapore's currency, connecting his passion for numismatics with national service.

Frequently Asked Questions About T. S. Sinnathuray

Who was T. S. Sinnathuray?

T. S. Sinnathuray was a distinguished Singaporean legal professional who served as a Judge of the High Court of Singapore from 1978 until his retirement in 1997. He was also known for his extensive career in the Singapore Legal Service and his post-retirement contributions to numismatics.

What were some of the notable cases T. S. Sinnathuray presided over?

He presided over several high-profile cases including the Toa Payoh ritual murders trial (1983), the legal challenge by the Asian Wall Street Journal against the government (1988), and the trial of serial killer John Martin Scripps (1995).

What was T. S. Sinnathuray's role in the Malaysian Royal Tribunal?

In 1988, he was one of two foreign members on the Royal Tribunal, a panel of six judges convened by the King of Malaysia to investigate alleged misdemeanours of Malaysia's then Lord President of the Supreme Court, Tun Salleh Abas. His involvement highlighted his international reputation for impartiality and legal expertise.

What awards did T. S. Sinnathuray receive for his service?

He was conferred the Bintang Bakti Masyarakat (B.B.M.; Public Service Star) in 1997 for his judicial service and received an additional Lintang (Bar) on his B.B.M. in 2009 for his contributions to the Singapore Note and Coin Advisory Committee.