Choor Singh, Indian-Singaporean lawyer and judge (d. 2009)

Choor Singh Sidhu: A Legacy of Justice, Philanthropy, and Sikh Scholarship in Singapore

Choor Singh Sidhu (19 January 1911 – 31 March 2009), professionally known as Choor Singh, was a distinguished figure in Singapore's legal and philanthropic landscape. His multifaceted career encompassed significant roles as a respected judge of the Supreme Court of Singapore, and following his retirement from the bench, he became a dedicated philanthropist and an influential author on Sikhism.

Early Life and Educational Endeavours

Born into a family of modest means in Punjab, British India, Choor Singh Sidhu's journey to Singapore began at the tender age of four. This early relocation set the stage for a remarkable life dedicated to public service and community upliftment. His foundational education in Singapore culminated in 1929 when he completed his secondary schooling in the top class at Raffles Institution, one of Singapore's most prestigious educational institutions, known for producing many of the nation's leaders.

Following his stellar academic performance, Choor Singh embarked on his professional life, initially working as a clerk in a law firm. This early exposure to the legal profession undoubtedly ignited his passion for justice. He then transitioned into the civil service, taking up a position in the Official Assignee's office. The Official Assignee's office in Singapore handles matters related to bankruptcy and insolvency, providing him with a practical understanding of legal administration.

His innate talent and dedication were recognized by his superior, James Walter Davy Ambrose, who served as the Assistant Official Assignee and later rose to become a High Court Judge. Ambrose's encouragement proved pivotal, inspiring Choor Singh to pursue a formal legal education. Demonstrating exceptional determination, he enrolled as an external student at the University of London, successfully passing the demanding matriculation and intermediate LL.B. examinations, laying the groundwork for his illustrious legal career.

A Pioneering Judicial Career in Colonial and Independent Singapore

Choor Singh's ascent through the legal ranks was marked by several significant milestones, often breaking new ground for the Indian community in Singapore and colonial Malaya. In 1948, he was appointed a coroner, a vital role in investigating deaths under unusual circumstances. The very next year, in 1949, his capabilities were further recognized with his elevation to the post of magistrate. This appointment was particularly historic, as Choor Singh became the first Indian to hold such a position in colonial Malaya, an achievement that underscored his merit and challenged existing colonial barriers.

His pursuit of legal excellence continued when he received a government scholarship to study law at Gray's Inn in London, one of the four Inns of Court which have the exclusive right to call members to the Bar in England and Wales. This prestigious opportunity culminated in 1955 when he was called to the Bar as a Barrister-at-Law, solidifying his qualifications for higher judicial office. Returning to Singapore, his expertise was swiftly acknowledged: he was appointed a district judge in 1960 and, notably, a judge of the Supreme Court in 1963. His appointment to the Supreme Court bench marked a pinnacle in his judicial career, placing him among the highest legal authorities in the newly independent nation.

As a Supreme Court judge, Justice Choor Singh was especially noted for his rigorous and meticulously reasoned criminal judgments. His commitment to upholding the law was unwavering, even in the most challenging cases. A significant and often cited aspect of his judicial tenure was his role as the first Singapore judge to impose the death penalty on a woman, a decision that highlighted the gravity of his responsibilities and his steadfast application of the law without fear or favour.

Post-Retirement: Philanthropy, Community Leadership, and Authorship

Following his retirement from the Supreme Court in 1980, Choor Singh did not retreat from public life. Instead, he channeled his energy and wisdom into a robust period of philanthropy, community leadership, and intellectual pursuits, maintaining a close involvement in Indian and Sikh affairs.

Community Leadership and The Singapore Khalsa Association (SKA)

His deep connection to the Sikh community was evident from his youth. He was one of the young, forward-thinking Sikhs who were instrumental in founding the Singapore Khalsa Association (SKA) in 1931. The SKA plays a crucial role in promoting Sikh culture, sports, and community welfare in Singapore. Throughout his life, Choor Singh continued to serve the association with dedication, holding esteemed positions as its patron and honorary chairman of its board of trustees, a testament to his long-standing commitment and influential leadership within the Sikh diaspora in Singapore.

Contributions to Education and Charity

Beyond his work with the SKA, Choor Singh was a fervent advocate for education. He generously contributed to various educational charities and causes, supporting both Sikh and non-Sikh initiatives. His philanthropic spirit reflected his belief in the transformative power of education for individuals and society as a whole.

Authorship and Sikh Scholarship

A keen scholar and proponent of his faith, Choor Singh penned several insightful books on Sikhism. These literary contributions served to enlighten readers about the principles, history, and philosophy of Sikhism, making complex spiritual concepts accessible to a broader audience. His writings cemented his legacy not only as a jurist but also as a significant voice in Sikh scholarship.

Highest Community Honour

In 1994, the Sikh community in Singapore bestowed upon him its highest honour, a profound recognition of his lifelong dedication and invaluable contributions. He was invited to lay the foundation stone for the new Gurdwara Sahib building at the Gurdwara Khalsa Dharmak Sabha, located at 18 Niven Road. This ceremonial act is a deeply revered tradition in Sikhism, symbolizing the initiation of a sacred space for worship and community gathering, and it underscored the immense respect and affection the community held for him.

Frequently Asked Questions About Choor Singh

• Who was Choor Singh?

  Choor Singh Sidhu, professionally known as Choor Singh, was a prominent Singaporean judge, philanthropist, and author of books on Sikhism. He served as a judge of the Supreme Court of Singapore and was a pioneering figure in the legal field for the Indian community.

• What were Choor Singh's significant legal achievements?

  Choor Singh was the first Indian to hold the position of magistrate in colonial Malaya (1949). He later became a District Judge and ultimately a Judge of the Supreme Court of Singapore (1963). He was particularly noted for his criminal judgments and was the first Singapore judge to impose the death penalty on a woman.

• How did Choor Singh contribute to the community after retirement?

  After retiring in 1980, Choor Singh remained deeply involved in Indian and Sikh affairs. He was a founder of the Singapore Khalsa Association (SKA) and served as its patron and honorary chairman. He also contributed significantly to various educational charities and authored several books on Sikhism, sharing his knowledge and insights.

• What was the highest honour bestowed upon Choor Singh by the Sikh community?

  In 1994, the Sikh community in Singapore honoured him by inviting him to lay the foundation stone for the new Gurdwara Sahib building at the Gurdwara Khalsa Dharmak Sabha, located at 18 Niven Road. This act is a symbol of immense respect and spiritual significance within the Sikh faith.