Thomas Tanner, English bishop (d. 1735)

Thomas Tanner: An Eminent English Antiquary and Prelate

Thomas Tanner, born on 24 January 1674 and passing away on 14 December 1735, was a distinguished figure in early 18th-century England, renowned for his dual roles as an English antiquary and a prominent prelate within the Church of England. His intellectual pursuits significantly contributed to historical scholarship, while his ecclesiastical career culminated in his service as Bishop of St Asaph.

Early Life, Education, and Ecclesiastical Journey

Tanner's journey began with a rigorous education at Queen's College, Oxford, where he cultivated a deep interest in history, antiquities, and theology. He later became a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, a prestigious appointment that further facilitated his scholarly development.

His path in the Church of England saw him rise through various significant appointments before reaching the episcopate. These roles provided him with administrative experience and a platform for his scholarly work, often carried out in parallel with his church duties:

• He was appointed Chancellor of the Diocese of Norwich in 1701, a position he held for many years.
• From 1713, he served as a Prebendary of Ely Cathedral.
• In 1724, he took on the responsibilities of both Archdeacon of Norwich and Canon of Christ Church, Oxford, holding these prominent roles concurrently.

A Legacy in Historical Scholarship: The Antiquary's Contribution

It was as an antiquary that Thomas Tanner made his most enduring contributions, becoming a pivotal figure in the burgeoning field of historical and topographical research in England. An antiquary, in this context, was a scholar dedicated to the systematic study of ancient objects, historical records, and local history, often focusing on ecclesiastical institutions and their historical development. This intellectual pursuit laid vital groundwork for modern historical methodology.

His magnum opus, the Notitia Monastica, stands as a testament to his meticulous research and dedication. This comprehensive work, initially published posthumously in 1744, meticulously detailed the history of monastic foundations across England and Wales. It provided invaluable information on abbeys, priories, friaries, and other religious houses, including their founders, endowments, and dissolutions. The Notitia Monastica remains a fundamental resource for medieval English history and monastic studies to this day.

Another significant, albeit also posthumously published, work was his Bibliotheca Britannico-Hibernica. This ambitious project aimed to catalogue the lives and works of British and Irish authors from the earliest times to the Reformation, showcasing the breadth of his bibliographical knowledge and his commitment to intellectual heritage.

Tanner's dedication to preserving historical knowledge extended beyond his publications. His extensive collection of original manuscripts, historical documents, and literary notes was bequeathed to the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford. This invaluable donation, known today as the "Tanner Manuscripts," forms a cornerstone of the library's collection, providing researchers with primary sources for a vast array of historical and literary studies, from medieval charters to early modern correspondence.

Bishop of St Asaph: His Episcopal Service

Thomas Tanner's distinguished career in the church culminated in his elevation to the episcopate. He was consecrated Bishop of St Asaph, a historic diocese located in North Wales, in 1732.

As Bishop, Tanner was responsible for the spiritual welfare and administrative oversight of the diocese, leading its clergy and congregations. His tenure as Bishop of St Asaph, though relatively brief, lasting from 1732 until his death in 1735, marked the pinnacle of his ecclesiastical service and demonstrated his commitment to the Church of England.

Frequently Asked Questions About Thomas Tanner

Who was Thomas Tanner?

Thomas Tanner (1674–1735) was an influential English antiquary and prelate, recognized for his significant contributions to historical scholarship, particularly concerning monastic history, and his service as Bishop of St Asaph.

What is an "antiquary" in the context of Thomas Tanner's time?

During the 17th and 18th centuries, an antiquary was a scholar dedicated to the study of ancient times through historical documents, monuments, and local records. They were foundational figures in the development of modern historical and archaeological research.

What was Thomas Tanner's most famous work?

His most celebrated work is the Notitia Monastica, a comprehensive historical account of monastic foundations in England and Wales, initially published posthumously in 1744. This work is still considered an indispensable resource for medieval English history.

Where did Thomas Tanner serve as Bishop?

He served as Bishop of St Asaph, a diocese located in North Wales, from 1732 until his death in 1735.

What is the significance of the "Tanner Manuscripts"?

The "Tanner Manuscripts" refers to his extensive collection of original historical documents and scholarly notes, which he bequeathed to the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford. This collection is a vital primary resource for scholars researching various aspects of British history, church history, and literature from the medieval period onwards.