Frank Nelson Doubleday, American publisher, founded the Doubleday Publishing Company (d. 1934)

Frank Nelson Doubleday (January 8, 1862 – January 30, 1934) was a transformative figure in American publishing, renowned for founding the Doubleday & McClure Company in 1897. Affectionately known to friends and family as “Effendi,” this unique nickname was a clever play on his initials "F.N.D." while also referencing the Ottoman term of respect, often used for learned or influential individuals, a testament to his burgeoning stature in the literary world.

Doubleday's journey into publishing began remarkably early and out of necessity. At just 14 years old, following the unfortunate failure of his father's business, he started his professional career with Charles Scribner's Sons in New York. This apprenticeship at one of America’s most prestigious and established publishing houses provided him with invaluable foundational experience and a deep understanding of the intricacies of the book business, from editorial processes to distribution.

The company he established, which later operated under various prominent names such as Doubleday, Page & Co. (after S.S. McClure’s departure in 1900) and later simply Doubleday, evolved into one of the largest and most influential publishing houses globally. Frank Nelson Doubleday's vision for publishing was often ahead of its time; for instance, Doubleday & McClure was a pioneer in adopting the "net price" system to stabilize book prices and prevent deep discounting, aiming to support authors and booksellers alike.

The legacy of Frank Nelson Doubleday endured through his family, who continued to steer the company for decades. His son, Nelson Doubleday (Sr.), his son-in-law, John Turner Sargent, Sr., and notably his grandson, Nelson Doubleday, Jr., all served in key leadership positions, guiding the enterprise through significant periods of growth, innovation, and industry shifts. This multi-generational involvement underscored the family's profound impact on American letters and the commercial aspects of publishing.

By 1986, the publishing landscape had undergone substantial global changes, marked by increasing consolidation and the emergence of multinational media conglomerates. It was in this environment that his grandson, Nelson Doubleday, Jr., then president, made the significant decision to sell the Doubleday Company to the German group Bertelsmann. This acquisition was a landmark event, integrating a venerable American publishing house into one of the world's largest media empires and reflecting the broader trends of globalization and corporate restructuring within the book industry.

Frequently Asked Questions About Frank Nelson Doubleday and The Doubleday Company

Who was Frank Nelson Doubleday?

Frank Nelson Doubleday was a prominent American publisher (1862–1934) who founded the influential Doubleday & McClure Company in 1897, which became a cornerstone of the U.S. publishing industry.

Why was he known as "Effendi"?

His nickname "Effendi" was a clever combination of his initials "F.N.D." and an Ottoman term signifying respect, knowledge, or mastery, reflecting his significant influence and standing in the publishing world.

What was Frank Nelson Doubleday's early career like?

His career began at the young age of 14 at Charles Scribner's Sons in New York, a prestigious publishing house. This early start provided him with essential experience after his father's business failed, laying the groundwork for his future entrepreneurial success.

Which family members continued his legacy at the Doubleday Company?

His son Nelson Doubleday (Sr.), his son-in-law John Turner Sargent, Sr., and his grandson Nelson Doubleday, Jr., all held significant leadership roles, ensuring the company's continued influence for generations.

Why was the Doubleday Company sold to Bertelsmann in 1986?

The sale to the German conglomerate Bertelsmann in 1986, overseen by Nelson Doubleday, Jr., was a response to significant changes in the global publishing business, including increasing consolidation and the rise of international media groups. This move allowed Doubleday to become part of a larger, globally competitive enterprise.