Harry Belafonte, American singer-songwriter and actor

Born Harold George Bellanfanti Jr. on March 1, 1927, the world would come to know him as Harry Belafonte, an extraordinary American singer, songwriter, activist, and actor whose influence spanned music, film, and monumental social change. A proud Jamaican-American, Belafonte captivated international audiences in the 1950s, popularizing the vibrant Trinbagonian Caribbean musical style and leaving an indelible mark on popular culture.

A Musical Trailblazer: Popularizing Calypso and Beyond

Belafonte's musical journey was nothing short of groundbreaking. His seminal 1956 album, Calypso, wasn't just a hit; it became a cultural phenomenon, marking a historic achievement as the first million-selling LP by a single artist. This record introduced the infectious rhythms of Caribbean music to a global stage, cementing his status as a pioneering pop star. While he recorded and performed in a diverse array of genres—including blues, folk, gospel, show tunes, and classic American standards—it was his recording of the iconic "The Banana Boat Song" with its unforgettable signature lyric "Day-O" that truly resonated, becoming synonymous with his name and bringing the joyous spirit of calypso to households worldwide.

A Star on Screen: Belafonte's Acting Ventures

Beyond the recording studio, Harry Belafonte also showcased his talents on the silver screen. He starred in several significant films, demonstrating his versatility as an actor. Audiences saw his compelling performances in titles such as Carmen Jones (1954), where he played opposite Dorothy Dandridge, the romantic drama Island in the Sun (1957), and the gritty crime noir Odds Against Tomorrow (1959), roles that solidified his presence in Hollywood during a challenging era for Black artists.

A Voice for Change: Activism and Humanitarian Work

Yet, perhaps even more profound than his artistic contributions was Harry Belafonte's unwavering commitment to social justice and human rights. He considered the renowned actor, singer, and activist Paul Robeson a foundational mentor, crediting him with shaping his moral compass: "Paul Robeson had been my first great formative influence; you might say he gave me my backbone." This conviction led him to become a close confidant and instrumental ally of Martin Luther King Jr. during the pivotal Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s. Belafonte himself recalled, "Martin King was the second; he nourished my soul." Throughout his illustrious career, he remained a passionate advocate for various political and humanitarian causes, from ardently supporting the Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa to co-organizing USA for Africa's 'We Are the World' famine relief efforts. His dedication was further recognized in 1987 when he became a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador, a role he embraced with vigor. Never shying from controversy, he was also a vocal critic of the policies of the George W. Bush presidential administrations and continued his advocacy as the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) celebrity ambassador for juvenile justice issues, a testament to his lifelong pursuit of equality and justice.

Accolades and Lasting Legacy

Harry Belafonte's monumental contributions to arts and humanity were recognized with numerous prestigious awards. His musical excellence earned him three Grammy Awards, including a highly deserved Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. His talent also spanned other media, bringing him an Emmy Award for his television specials and a Tony Award for his Broadway work. In 1989, he was honored with the esteemed Kennedy Center Honors, followed by the National Medal of Arts in 1994. A testament to his unwavering humanitarian spirit, he received the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award at the Academy's 6th Annual Governors Awards in 2014, a fitting tribute to a life dedicated to artistry and activism.

Frequently Asked Questions about Harry Belafonte

Who is Harry Belafonte?

Harry Belafonte was an iconic American singer, songwriter, activist, and actor. He was a trailblazing figure known for popularizing Caribbean musical styles, his influential acting career, and his lifelong dedication to the Civil Rights Movement and global humanitarian causes.

When was Harry Belafonte born?

Harry Belafonte was born Harold George Bellanfanti Jr. on March 1, 1927.

What musical style is Harry Belafonte famous for?

He is most famous for popularizing the Trinbagonian Caribbean musical style, particularly calypso, to an international audience. His album Calypso (1956) was a historic success.

What are some of Harry Belafonte's most famous songs?

His most iconic song is undoubtedly "The Banana Boat Song" with its memorable "Day-O" lyric. He also recorded hits in blues, folk, and American standards.

What was Harry Belafonte's role in the Civil Rights Movement?

Harry Belafonte was a close confidant and crucial supporter of Martin Luther King Jr., providing significant financial and logistical assistance to the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s.

Did Harry Belafonte win any major awards?

Yes, Harry Belafonte won three Grammy Awards (including a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award), an Emmy Award, and a Tony Award. He also received the Kennedy Center Honors, the National Medal of Arts, and the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award.