In Algeria, the first of November is far more than just a date on the calendar; it is a profoundly significant national day, commemorating the anniversary of what is known as Revolution Day. This pivotal date, November 1, 1954, marked the unequivocal launch of the Algerian War of Independence, a brutal and protracted conflict against French colonial rule that ultimately led to Algeria's sovereignty.

Often referred to historically as "Toussaint Rouge" (Red All Saints' Day) due to its timing on the Catholic All Saints' Day holiday, the coordinated series of attacks on French military and civilian targets across Algeria signalled the definitive beginning of an armed uprising. This carefully planned insurrection was spearheaded by the newly formed Front de Libération Nationale (FLN), the National Liberation Front, which emerged as the unified political and military force determined to liberate Algeria from 132 years of French occupation, which had begun in 1830.

The Struggle for Sovereignty

The Algerian War of Independence, lasting nearly eight intense years from 1954 to 1962, was an arduous and often devastating struggle. It was characterized by extensive guerrilla warfare, brutal counter-insurgency tactics, and significant human cost on both sides, profoundly shaping the nation's identity and its relationship with France. The conflict culminated in the Evian Accords signed in March 1962, which paved the way for a self-determination referendum, and the subsequent official declaration of independence on July 5, 1962.

A Day of National Pride and Remembrance

Today, November 1st is observed as a cherished national holiday across Algeria, a day of profound remembrance and immense pride for its citizens. It is a time to honour the sacrifices of countless martyrs and freedom fighters who contributed to the nation's liberation. Through national parades, solemn official ceremonies, and educational programs held in schools and public institutions, the memory of this courageous struggle and its enduring legacy as a foundational pillar of the Algerian state's historical narrative and national consciousness is continuously reinforced.

Frequently Asked Questions about Algerian Revolution Day

What is Revolution Day in Algeria?

Revolution Day, observed annually on November 1st, commemorates the beginning of the Algerian War of Independence against French colonial rule. It is a national holiday celebrating the launch of the armed uprising that led to Algeria's eventual sovereignty.

When did the Algerian War of Independence start?

The Algerian War of Independence officially began on November 1, 1954, with a series of coordinated attacks by the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) across Algeria.

Who started the Algerian Revolution?

The Algerian Revolution was spearheaded by the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN), a nationalist political and military organization formed to achieve Algeria's independence from France.

How long did the Algerian War of Independence last?

The Algerian War of Independence lasted for nearly eight years, from November 1, 1954, until the declaration of independence on July 5, 1962.