Resistance and Liberation Day, a profoundly significant public holiday in Lebanon, is observed annually on May 25th. This pivotal national day serves as a powerful commemoration of the complete end of the Israeli occupation of South Lebanon, which culminated in a unilateral withdrawal on May 25, 2000.

For nearly two decades, from Israel's initial invasion in 1982 and the subsequent establishment of a self-declared "security zone" in 1985, vast swathes of South Lebanon remained under occupation. This period was marked by daily challenges for the local population, including displacement, checkpoints, and a constant military presence. The stated aim of the Israeli "security zone" was to protect its northern borders from attacks. However, it led to a protracted conflict with various Lebanese factions.

The resistance against this occupation was multifaceted, spearheaded primarily by Hezbollah, alongside other groups like the Amal Movement and the Lebanese National Resistance Front. These groups engaged in persistent guerrilla warfare, launching attacks and operations against Israeli forces and their proxy, the South Lebanon Army (SLA). The sustained pressure and mounting casualties on the Israeli side, coupled with growing domestic dissent within Israel regarding the cost of the occupation, ultimately led to the momentous decision for a unilateral withdrawal. On May 25, 2000, Israeli forces rapidly pulled out, often described as an unannounced and chaotic retreat, marking a historic moment for Lebanese sovereignty.

The immediate aftermath was characterized by scenes of immense national jubilation and celebration across Lebanon, particularly in the liberated southern villages. Families returned to their homes, and the Lebanese army and security forces began to re-establish control. Resistance and Liberation Day, therefore, symbolizes not just the cessation of foreign occupation, but also the steadfast determination of the Lebanese people and the assertion of national independence. It remains a complex and celebrated date, resonating deeply within the national consciousness.

Frequently Asked Questions about Resistance and Liberation Day

What is Resistance and Liberation Day?

Resistance and Liberation Day is a Lebanese public holiday commemorating the end of the Israeli occupation of South Lebanon.

When is Resistance and Liberation Day celebrated?

It is celebrated annually on May 25th, marking the date of the Israeli withdrawal in 2000.

What was the Israeli occupation of South Lebanon?

The Israeli occupation of South Lebanon refers to the period from the 1982 invasion, specifically the establishment of a "security zone" in 1985, until Israel's unilateral withdrawal on May 25, 2000. This zone was intended to secure Israel's northern border but led to a prolonged conflict with Lebanese resistance movements.

Why did Israel withdraw from South Lebanon in 2000?

Israel's withdrawal in 2000 was a unilateral decision, driven by the mounting human and financial costs of maintaining the occupation, sustained pressure from Lebanese resistance groups (primarily Hezbollah), and growing public and political dissent within Israel.