Jerry Brown, American lawyer and politician, 34th and 39th Governor of California

Edmund Gerald Brown Jr., widely known as Jerry Brown, is a prominent American figure whose career has spanned law, authorship, and politics with remarkable longevity and influence. Born on April 7, 1938, Brown served two non-consecutive tenures as the Governor of California, first as its 34th governor from 1975 to 1983, and later as its 39th governor from 2011 to 2019. His political journey, deeply rooted in the Democratic Party, showcases a unique resilience and adaptability, distinguishing him as one of the most enduring figures in California’s political landscape.

Early Life, Education, and Political Ascent

Hailing from San Francisco, Jerry Brown inherited a profound legacy of public service. He is the son of Bernice Layne Brown and Pat Brown, who himself served as California's 32nd Governor from 1959 to 1967. This familial connection to the state's highest office undoubtedly shaped his early perspectives and ambitions. Brown pursued a rigorous academic path, earning his degree from the University of California, Berkeley, and subsequently a law degree from Yale University. After completing his education, he embarked on his professional life practicing law. His formal entry into politics began with his election to the Los Angeles Community College District Board of Trustees, where he served from 1969 to 1971. This initial role provided him with valuable experience in public administration, paving the way for his next significant step: serving as the 23rd Secretary of State of California from 1971 to 1975, a position he held in the early 1970s.

The First Era as Governor: A Progressive Vision (1975-1983)

Jerry Brown's first ascent to the governorship in 1974 was historic. Elected at the relatively young age of 36, he became the youngest California Governor in 111 years, signaling a shift in the state's political climate. He secured a second term in 1978. During these years, Brown became known for his intellectual approach, environmental advocacy, and sometimes unconventional policy ideas, earning him the memorable moniker "Governor Moonbeam" from some observers for his forward-thinking, often counter-cultural, and sometimes fiscally conservative policies. Throughout his initial gubernatorial tenure, Brown also harbored national ambitions, launching unsuccessful bids for the Democratic presidential nomination in both 1976 and 1980. Opting against a third consecutive term as governor in 1982, he instead pursued a seat in the United States Senate, an endeavor that also proved unsuccessful.

A Journey Outside the Governor's Office and Return to Public Service

Following his departure from the governorship and the Senate race in 1982, Brown embarked on a period of travel and reflection abroad, stepping away from the immediate political spotlight. His return to California marked a renewed engagement with public life, albeit in different capacities. From 1989 to 1991, he served as the sixth Chairman of the California Democratic Party, demonstrating his continued commitment to the state's political machinery. His national aspirations resurfaced once more in 1992 when he made another attempt at the U.S. presidency, ultimately losing the Democratic primary to Bill Clinton. Subsequently, Brown relocated to Oakland, where he explored new avenues, including hosting a talk radio show. However, the pull of public service was strong, leading him to serve as Mayor of Oakland from 1999 to 2007. His success in this role positioned him for another statewide office, and he was elected Attorney General of California, serving from 2007 to 2011.

The Second Era as Governor: Unprecedented Longevity (2011-2019)

In a truly remarkable political comeback, Jerry Brown successfully ran for his third term as governor in 2010 and his fourth term in 2014. His eligibility for these additional terms, despite California's conventional term limits, was due to a specific "grandfather clause" in the state's constitution, which allowed officials elected before the implementation of new term limits to serve more terms under certain conditions. This extraordinary return made him not only the oldest but also, paradoxically, the sixth-youngest governor of California, a distinction arising from the 28-year gap between his second and third terms. During this second stint, Brown focused significantly on fiscal discipline, infrastructure, climate change initiatives, and addressing the state's persistent budget challenges. On October 7, 2013, he solidified his place in history by becoming the longest-serving governor in the history of California, surpassing the record previously held by Earl Warren. Upon the completion of his fourth term in office, Brown had served a total of 16 years and 5 days, cementing his status as the third longest-serving governor in U.S. history.

Legacy and Enduring Impact

Jerry Brown's political career is characterized by its breadth, duration, and the unique arc of his public service. From his early progressive stances and environmental advocacy to his later focus on fiscal responsibility and climate leadership, he consistently adapted to the changing needs of California while maintaining a distinctive intellectual and sometimes unconventional approach. His ability to return to the state's highest office after decades, successfully navigating complex political landscapes, underscores his enduring appeal and formidable political acumen. Brown’s contributions have left an indelible mark on California's governance and policy, from its educational systems and environmental protections to its fiscal health and long-term strategic planning.

Frequently Asked Questions about Jerry Brown

Who is Jerry Brown?

Jerry Brown is an American lawyer, author, and politician best known for his unprecedented four terms as the Governor of California, serving from 1975-1983 and 2011-2019.

When was Jerry Brown born?

He was born on April 7, 1938.

How many times was Jerry Brown Governor of California?

Jerry Brown served four non-consecutive terms as Governor of California.

What made his governorship unique regarding age?

Due to the 28-year gap between his second and third terms, Jerry Brown holds the distinction of being both the youngest (at 36 for his first term) and the oldest governor of California (during his later terms), as well as the sixth-youngest overall.

Did Jerry Brown's father also serve as Governor?

Yes, his father, Pat Brown, was the 32nd Governor of California, serving from 1959 to 1967.

How long did Jerry Brown serve as Governor in total?

He served a total of 16 years and 5 days, making him the longest-serving governor in California's history and the third longest-serving governor in U.S. history.

Why was he able to run for more than two terms as Governor?

His eligibility for a third and fourth term stemmed from California's constitutional "grandfather clause," which applied to officials elected before the state's term limit rules were changed, allowing them to serve more terms under the previous rules.

What other political offices did Jerry Brown hold?

Beyond his governorships, he served as Secretary of State of California, Mayor of Oakland, and Attorney General of California. He also chaired the California Democratic Party and served on the Los Angeles Community College District Board of Trustees.

Did Jerry Brown ever run for President?

Yes, he unsuccessfully sought the Democratic presidential nomination in 1976, 1980, and 1992.