Historical Events on July 19, Facts & Special Events On This Day - CalendarZ

Historical Events on July 19

484
Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is recognized in Antioch and makes it his capital.
711
Umayyad conquest of Hispania: Battle of Guadalete: Umayyad forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by King Roderic.
939
Battle of Simancas: King Ramiro II of León defeats the Moorish army under Caliph Abd-al-Rahman III near the city of Simancas.
998
Arab-Byzantine wars: Battle of Apamea: Fatimids defeat a Byzantine army near Apamea.
1333
Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Halidon Hill: The English win a decisive victory over the Scots.
1544
Italian War of 1542-46: The first Siege of Boulogne begins.
1545
The Tudor warship Mary Rose sinks off Portsmouth; in 1982 the wreck is salvaged in one of the most complex and expensive projects in the history of maritime archaeology.
1553
Lady Jane Grey is replaced by Mary I of England as Queen of England after only nine days on the throne.
1588
Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The Spanish Armada is sighted in the English Channel.
1701
Representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy sign the Nanfan Treaty, ceding a large territory north of the Ohio River to England.
1702
Great Northern War: A numerically superior Polish-Saxon army of Augustus II the Strong, operating from an advantageous defensive position, is defeated by a Swedish army half its size under the command of King Charles XII in the Battle of Klissow.
1817
Unsuccessful in his attempt to conquer the Kingdom of Hawaii for the Russian-American Company, Georg Anton Schäffer is forced to admit defeat and leave Kauai.
1821
Coronation of George IV of the United Kingdom.
1832
The British Medical Association is founded as the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association by Sir Charles Hastings at a meeting in the Board Room of the Worcester Infirmary.
1843
Brunel's steamship the SS Great Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
1845
Great New York City Fire of 1845: The last great fire to affect Manhattan began early in the morning and was subdued that afternoon. The fire killed four firefighters, 26 civilians, and destroyed 345 buildings.
1848
Women's rights: A two-day Women's Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York.
1863
American Civil War: Morgan's Raid: At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
1864
Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking: The Qing dynasty finally defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
1870
Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
1900
The first line of the Paris Métro opens for operation.
1903
Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France.
1916
World War I: Battle of Fromelles: British and Australian troops attack German trenches as part of the Battle of the Somme.
1940
World War II: Battle of Cape Spada: The Royal Navy and the Regia Marina clash; the Italian light cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni sinks, with 121 casualties.
1940
Field Marshal Ceremony: First occasion in World War II, that Hitler appointed field marshals due to military achievements.
1940
World War II: Army order 112 forms the Intelligence Corps of the British Army.
1942
World War II: Battle of the Atlantic: German Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz orders the last U-boats to withdraw from their United States Atlantic coast positions in response to the effective American convoy system.
1943
World War II: Rome is heavily bombed by more than 500 Allied aircraft, inflicting thousands of casualties.
1947
Prime Minister of the shadow Burmese government, Bogyoke Aung San and eight others are assassinated.
1947
Korean politician Lyuh Woon-hyung is assassinated.
1961
Tunisia imposes a blockade on the French naval base at Bizerte; the French would capture the entire town four days later.
1963
Joe Walker flies a North American X-15 to a record altitude of 106,010 meters (347,800 feet) on X-15 Flight 90. Exceeding an altitude of 100 km, this flight qualifies as a human spaceflight under international convention.
1964
Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.
1972
Dhofar Rebellion: British SAS units help the Omani government against Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman rebels in the Battle of Mirbat.
1976
Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.
1977
The world's first Global Positioning System (GPS) signal was transmitted from Navigation Technology Satellite 2 (NTS-2) and received at Rockwell Collins in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, at 12:41 a.m. Eastern time (ET).[1]
1979
The Sandinista rebels overthrow the government of the Somoza family in Nicaragua.
1981
In a private meeting with U.S. President Ronald Reagan, French President François Mitterrand reveals the existence of the Farewell Dossier, a collection of documents showing the Soviet Union had been stealing American technological research and development.
1983
The first three-dimensional reconstruction of a human head in a CT is published.
1985
The Val di Stava dam collapses killing 268 people in Val di Stava, Italy.
1989
United Airlines Flight 232 crashes in Sioux City, Iowa killing 111.
1992
A car bomb kills Judge Paolo Borsellino and five members of his escort
1997
The Troubles: The Provisional Irish Republican Army resumes a ceasefire to end their 25-year paramilitary campaign to end British rule in Northern Ireland.
2014
Gunmen in Egypt's western desert province of New Valley Governorate attack a military checkpoint, killing at least 21 soldiers. Egypt reportedly declares a state of emergency on its border with Sudan.

July 19 Birthdays