Azie Taylor Morton, American educator and politician, 36th Treasurer of the United States (d. 2003)

Azie Taylor Morton, born on February 1, 1936, and passing away on December 7, 2003, holds a unique and significant place in American history. She served as the 36th Treasurer of the United States during the administration of President Jimmy Carter, a pivotal role she held from September 12, 1977, until January 20, 1981. Her tenure is particularly notable as she remains the only African American to have ever occupied this distinguished federal office.

During her historic period as Treasurer, her distinctive signature was prominently featured on all denominations of United States currency issued. This tangible symbol not only represented her official capacity but also served as a visible testament to her groundbreaking achievement and the broader progress towards diversity in high-ranking government positions.

The Role of the Treasurer of the United States

The Treasurer of the United States is a senior official within the U.S. Department of the Treasury. While the specific duties of the office have evolved over time, the Treasurer primarily oversees the U.S. Mint, which produces coinage, and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, responsible for printing U.S. paper currency. The Treasurer also manages the public debt and various financial programs, acting as a crucial link between the Treasury Department and the American public. Historically, the Treasurer was also responsible for the physical custody of government funds, a role now primarily handled by the Bureau of the Fiscal Service. The most recognizable aspect of the Treasurer's role to the general public is the appearance of their signature, alongside that of the Secretary of the Treasury, on all paper currency.

A Historic Appointment and Enduring Legacy

Azie Taylor Morton's appointment was a landmark event, reflecting President Carter's commitment to diversifying federal appointments and recognizing accomplished individuals from all backgrounds. Born in Dale, Texas, and growing up in challenging circumstances, Morton's journey to this high office was one of perseverance and dedication. She graduated from Huston-Tillotson College, a historically Black college and university (HBCU) in Austin, Texas, and built a career that included significant roles within the U.S. House of Representatives and as Special Assistant to the Chairperson of the Democratic National Committee.

Her time as Treasurer cemented her place in American financial and political history. As the first and only African American to hold the position, she broke a significant barrier, paving the way for future generations and demonstrating that leadership roles at the highest levels of government were accessible to all qualified individuals, regardless of race. The visibility of her signature on billions of dollars circulated worldwide underscored the importance of her role and served as a powerful symbol of progress and representation for millions.

What was Azie Taylor Morton's impact beyond her signature on currency?

Beyond the symbolic significance of her signature, Azie Taylor Morton was a dedicated public servant. She played a vital role in the efficient operation of key Treasury bureaus, contributing to the integrity and stability of the nation's financial system. Her legacy extends to inspiring countless individuals, particularly women and minorities, to pursue careers in public service and finance, demonstrating that doors once closed could be opened through talent, hard work, and commitment.

Frequently Asked Questions about Azie Taylor Morton

When did Azie Taylor Morton serve as Treasurer of the United States?

Azie Taylor Morton served as the Treasurer of the United States from September 12, 1977, to January 20, 1981, during the administration of President Jimmy Carter.

Why is Azie Taylor Morton significant in U.S. history?

She is historically significant because she was the first, and to date, the only African American to hold the office of Treasurer of the United States. Her appointment represented a major step forward in diversity within high-level federal government positions.

Did Azie Taylor Morton's signature appear on all U.S. currency?

Yes, during her tenure from 1977 to 1981, her signature, alongside that of the Secretary of the Treasury, was printed on all denominations of United States paper currency issued by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing.

What were some of Azie Taylor Morton's achievements before becoming Treasurer?

Before her appointment as Treasurer, Azie Taylor Morton held various important roles, including positions within the U.S. House of Representatives and as a special assistant to the Chairperson of the Democratic National Committee, showcasing her extensive experience in politics and public service.

What does the Treasurer of the United States do?

The Treasurer of the United States oversees key financial bureaus within the Treasury Department, including the U.S. Mint (coin production) and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (paper currency production). The Treasurer's signature also appears on all U.S. paper currency, making it one of the most visible federal offices.