Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow (d. 2008)

Patriarch Alexy II, also known as Alexius II, was a truly transformative figure in the modern history of the Russian Orthodox Church. Born Aleksei Mikhailovich Ridiger on February 23, 1929, he would ultimately ascend to the esteemed position of the 15th Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus', serving as the spiritual head, or primate, of the vast Russian Orthodox Church until his passing on December 5, 2008.

His leadership came at an exceptionally pivotal moment in global history. Elected to the Patriarchate in 1990, just eighteen months before the monumental dissolution of the Soviet Union, Alexy II found himself at the helm of the Church during an unprecedented period of transition. This unique timing meant he became the very first Russian Patriarch of the post-Soviet era, guiding the Church through its dramatic re-emergence into public life after decades of state-imposed atheism and severe religious repression. His tenure was instrumental in the widespread rebuilding and revitalization of the Church's infrastructure and spiritual life in a newly independent Russia, leaving an indelible mark on the nation's religious landscape.

Frequently Asked Questions about Patriarch Alexy II

Who was Patriarch Alexy II?

Patriarch Alexy II (secular name Aleksei Mikhailovich Ridiger, Russian: Алексе́й Миха́йлович Ри́дигер) was the 15th Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus', and the primate (spiritual leader) of the Russian Orthodox Church. He was a highly influential figure during Russia's transition from the Soviet Union.

When did he serve as Patriarch?

He served as Patriarch from 1990 until his death on December 5, 2008. He was elected about 18 months before the official dissolution of the Soviet Union, placing him at a critical juncture in history.

What was his historical significance?

His primary historical significance lies in being the first Russian Patriarch of the post-Soviet period. He spearheaded the monumental revival and rebuilding of the Russian Orthodox Church after decades of severe state-sponsored religious repression under the Soviet regime, guiding it back into prominence within Russian society.