Dick Scobee, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1939)

Francis Richard "Dick" Scobee (May 19, 1939 – January 28, 1986) was a highly accomplished American pilot, dedicated engineer, and esteemed astronaut. He is most remembered for his pivotal role as the commander of the ill-fated Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-51-L, where he tragically lost his life along with his six crewmates when the spacecraft suffered a catastrophic booster failure shortly after launch on January 28, 1986.

A Distinguished Career in Aviation and Space

Early Life, Education, and Distinguished Military Service

Born on May 19, 1939, Dick Scobee's journey towards space exploration was built upon a strong foundation of education and military experience. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Arizona in 1965, demonstrating his early commitment to the complexities of flight and spacecraft design. Prior to his collegiate studies, Scobee joined the United States Air Force, where he initially served with distinction as a reciprocating engine mechanic, gaining invaluable hands-on experience with aircraft propulsion systems. His passion for aviation led him to pilot training, and he distinguished himself as a combat aviator during the Vietnam War. Flying 65 combat missions in the F-4 Phantom II fighter jet, Scobee earned multiple decorations for his bravery and skill, including the Air Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross, solidifying his reputation as an exceptional pilot before joining NASA.

NASA Astronaut Corps Selection and Training

Scobee's exceptional qualifications made him a prime candidate for the burgeoning Space Shuttle program. In January 1978, he was selected by NASA for its elite Astronaut Corps as part of the highly anticipated Group 8, often referred to as "The Thirty-Five New Guys" (TFNG). This diverse class was the first to be chosen specifically for the Space Shuttle era, marking a significant transition in human spaceflight. After completing his rigorous astronaut training in August 1979, Scobee dedicated himself to preparing for future missions. While awaiting his first orbital spaceflight assignment, his extensive piloting expertise was utilized as an instructor pilot for the Space Shuttle's 747 carrier aircraft (SCA). In this critical role, he helped ferry the orbiter between launch and landing sites, and trained fellow astronauts in shuttle landing techniques, which involved practicing approach and landing profiles using a modified 747 aircraft, further honing his flight skills and understanding of the Shuttle's unique aerodynamic properties.

First Spaceflight: Piloting STS-41-C on Space Shuttle Challenger

Dick Scobee achieved his lifelong dream of spaceflight in April 1984, serving as the pilot of the Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-41-C. This highly successful eight-day mission showcased the versatility of the Space Shuttle. One of its primary objectives was the successful deployment of the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF), a massive, bus-sized satellite designed to study the long-term effects of the space environment on various materials and components. Furthermore, STS-41-C conducted an unprecedented and complex on-orbit repair of the Solar Maximum Mission (Solar Max) satellite, which had suffered a critical instrument malfunction. This daring repair, executed by mission specialists using the Space Shuttle's robotic arm and extravehicular activities (EVAs), demonstrated the Shuttle's unique capability to service and extend the life of valuable satellites, a groundbreaking achievement at the time.

The Tragic Command of STS-51-L and the Challenger Disaster

On January 28, 1986, Dick Scobee embarked on his second space mission, STS-51-L, this time as the commander of the Space Shuttle Challenger. This mission was highly anticipated, as it was set to carry Christa McAuliffe, the first teacher in space, captivating the nation's attention. Tragically, just 73 seconds after liftoff from Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrated. The devastating accident was later attributed to the failure of an O-ring seal in the right solid rocket booster (SRB), leading to a breach that ignited the external fuel tank. This catastrophic structural failure resulted in the complete loss of the vehicle and all seven crew members aboard, including Commander Scobee. The Challenger disaster remains a somber moment in NASA's history, prompting a temporary halt to the Space Shuttle program and leading to significant design and safety reforms.

Frequently Asked Questions About Dick Scobee

When and where was Dick Scobee born?

Francis Richard "Dick" Scobee was born on May 19, 1939, in Cle Elum, Washington.

What was Dick Scobee's role on his final mission?

He served as the commander of the Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-51-L.

What was the primary cause of the Challenger disaster?

The Challenger disaster on January 28, 1986, was caused by the failure of an O-ring seal in the right solid rocket booster, which led to a breach, igniting the external fuel tank, and resulting in the structural failure of the shuttle.

What significant mission did Dick Scobee pilot before the Challenger disaster?

He piloted the Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-41-C in April 1984, which successfully deployed the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) and performed an unprecedented on-orbit repair of the Solar Maximum Mission satellite.

What was Dick Scobee's military background?

Prior to joining NASA, he was a decorated combat aviator in the United States Air Force, flying 65 combat missions in the F-4 Phantom II during the Vietnam War.