Byzantine troops occupy Antioch, Syria.
American Civil War: Battle of Wauhatchie: Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant repel a Confederate attack led by General James Longstreet. Union forces thus open a supply line into Chattanooga, Tennessee.
United States: Second trial of Sacco and Vanzetti in Boston, Massachusetts.
Turkey becomes a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.
The Holocaust: In the Kaunas Ghetto over 10,000 Jews are shot by German occupiers at the Ninth Fort, a massacre known as the "Great Action".
World War II: The Soviet Red Army enters Hungary.
Suez Crisis begins: Israeli forces invade the Sinai Peninsula and push Egyptian forces back toward the Suez Canal.
British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher opens the last stretch of the M25 motorway.
China announces the end of One-child policy after 35 years.
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2011